Antenna integrated display screen
The present invention provides an integrated antenna and visual display apparatus, or one of an antenna apparatus and visual display apparatus which is integratable with the other. Apertures are formed in a visual display, such as an OLED display. The apertures when formed in a conductive layer operate as radiating bodies of an antenna array. A subset of sub-pixels of the visual display can be removed in line with the apertures. An optically transparent substrate is located over the visual display, and an array of further conductive elements, which may be optically transparent, is disposed on an exterior of this substrate. The further conductive elements operate to direct the antenna signals through the substrate, by coupling in an impedance-matched manner with the radiating apertures.
1. An antenna and visual display apparatus comprising:
an antenna feed layer comprising an array of antenna feeds for a corresponding antenna array;
a visual display layer exterior and adjacent to the antenna feed layer, the visual display layer comprising an array of light emitting diodes and control elements coupled thereto for operating the light emitting diodes to provide a visual display, the visual display layer further comprising an array of apertures formed by omitting a subset of the array of light emitting diodes in an otherwise regular array and having sizing and spacing configured, according to an operating wavelength of the antenna array, to couple with respective ones of the antenna feeds to facilitate transmission of antenna signals for the antenna array;
an optically transparent substrate exterior and adjacent to the visual display layer; and
an array of conductive and optically transparent elements exterior and adjacent to the optically transparent substrate, the array of conductive and optically transparent elements configured to couple with the array of apertures to direct the antenna signals through the optically transparent substrate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein either:
the array of light emitting diodes comprises red, green, blue and white light emitting diodes, and wherein omitting the subset of the array of light emitting diodes comprises omitting a subset of the white light emitting diodes; or
the array of light emitting diodes comprises red, green and blue light emitting diodes, and wherein omitting the subset of the array of light emitting diodes comprises omitting a subset of the green light emitting diodes.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the array of conductive and optically transparent elements is a periodic array, each conductive element being an electrically small patch.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the array of apertures are formed from slots in an anode conductive layer and a cathode conductive layer, the anode conductive layer and the cathode conductive layer configured to electrically interact with the light emitting diodes for operation thereof.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the cathode conductive layer is further configured to operate as a ground layer for the antenna array.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the antenna array spans an entire area of the visual display, or wherein the antenna array spans a region which is less than an entire area of the visual display, and said region is co-located with one or more edges of the visual display, or said region is co-located with a central portion of the visual display.
7. A visual display apparatus comprising:
a visual display layer comprising an array of light emitting diodes and control elements coupled thereto for operating the light emitting diodes to provide a visual display; and
an array of apertures formed in the visual display layer by omitting a subset of the array of light emitting diodes in an otherwise regular array, the array of apertures having sizing and spacing configured, according to an operating wavelength of the antenna array, to: couple with a set of antenna feeds to facilitate transmission of antenna signals for an antenna array.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein either:
the array of light emitting diodes comprises red, green, blue and white light emitting diodes, and wherein omitting the subset of the array of light emitting diodes comprises omitting a subset of the white light emitting diodes; or
the array of light emitting diodes comprises red, green and blue light emitting diodes, and wherein omitting the subset of the array of light emitting diodes comprises omitting a subset of the green light emitting diodes.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising an optically transparent substrate exterior and adjacent to the visual display layer, and an array of conductive and optically transparent elements exterior and adjacent to the optically transparent substrate, the array of conductive and optically transparent elements having sizing and spacing configured to couple with the array of apertures to direct the antenna signals through the optically transparent substrate.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the array of conductive and optically transparent elements is integrated with a touch-sensitive control surface user interface.
11. An antenna apparatus comprising:
an antenna feed layer comprising an array of antenna feeds for a corresponding antenna array;
a substrate exterior to the antenna feed layer;
an array of conductive elements exterior and adjacent to the optically transparent substrate, the array of conductive elements having sizing and spacing configured to couple directly or indirectly with the array of antenna feeds to direct antenna signals through the substrate; and
an array of primary radiating antenna elements located between the antenna feed layer and the substrate.
12. The antenna apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the substrate is optically transparent.
13. The antenna apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising a visual display layer between the antenna feed layer and the substrate, the visual display layer comprising an array of light emitting diodes and control elements coupled thereto for operating the light emitting diodes to provide a visual display, the visual display layer further comprising an array of apertures having sizing and spacing configured, according to an operating wavelength of the antenna array, to couple with respective ones of the antenna feeds to facilitate transmission of antenna signals for the antenna array.
14. The antenna apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the array of conductive elements is optically transparent and is integrated with a touch-sensitive control surface user interface.
15. The antenna apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the substrate is electromagnetically thick with high permittivity.
16. The antenna apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the primary radiating antenna elements are slots or dipoles, and wherein the slots or dipoles are electrically small, having an electrical length which is less than half of a free-space operating wavelength of the antenna array.
17. The antenna apparatus of claim 11 , wherein some or all of the conductive elements are electrically small.