Vapor displacement refueling including onboard internally recirculating chemical looping combustion system
A multiply redundant safety system that protects humans and assets while transfer(s)/fueling of on road/off road, rail, marine, aircraft, spacecraft, rockets, and all other vehicles/vessels utilizing Compressed and or Liquefied Gas Fuels/compound(s). Utilizing Natural Gas Chemical Family of Hydrogen/Propane/ethane/ammonia/and any mixtures along with or with out oxidizer(s), such as Liquefied Oxygen, Oxygen Triplet (O3)/ozone/hydrogen peroxide/peroxide/solid oxidizer(s) one or more processors, utilizing Artificial Intelligence techniques/machine learning in combination with one or more sensors; in combination with one or more micro switches/actuator(s) combine to detect any leaks/fire(s)/or explosion hazards/vehicle motion/arc's, spark(s)/and other hazards for quickly mitigating/locking out/stopping fueling/gas/transfers/vehicle releasing system(s).
1. A catalytic internally recirculating chemical looping combustion system (IRCLCS) adapted to convert natural gas into at least steam, hydrogen, water and carbon dioxide comprising:
a fuel reformer ( 15 ) chamber including a steam methane reformer (SMR) ( 14 ), the fuel reformer adapted to accept natural gas and oxygen, the fuel reforming chamber reformer ( 15 ) also containing injected oxidized metal oxides to produce steam and carbon dioxide;
a steam turbine ( 12 ) vapor connected to the fuel reformer ( 15 ) chamber, said steam turbine ( 12 ) configured to drive an electrical generator ( 11 );
a circulating and recirculating oxidizer generation and oxidizer reformer system ( 4 ) configured to re-oxidize the metal oxides and transfer them via a first catalyst seal (KAT SEAL)( 6 ), a bed ( 31 ) and air blowers ( 5 ), ( 32 ) to a cyclone vessel ( 7 ) by pneumatic transfer and gravity drop out through a second KAT SEAL ( 33 ) into the fuel reformer ( 15 ) ;
a heat capturing system configured to capture heat at a flue outlet ( 34 ) at top of the cyclone vessel and transferring it to pre- and post- heater headers ( 10 ) configured to provide steam to the steam turbine ( 12 ).
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a waste heat capturing system operating on a Rankine Cycle.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein natural gas is converted to hydrogen by a steam methane reformer ( 14 ).
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the hydrogen is stored as either hydrogen gas or liquid hydrogen.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the carbon dioxide is stored as either carbon dioxide gas, liquid carbon dioxide.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a fuel cell converting the hydrogen to electric energy via injected air or oxygen.
7. A catalytic internally recirculating chemical looping combustion system (IRCLCS) adapted to convert natural gas into at least steam, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide comprising:
a fuel reformer ( 15 ) including a steam methane reformer (SMR) ( 14 ), the fuel reformer adapted to accept natural gas and oxygen, the fuel reformer ( 15 ) also containing metal oxides to produce steam and carbon dioxide;
a steam turbine ( 12 ) vapor connected to the fuel reformer ( 15 ), said steam turbine ( 12 ) configured to drive an electrical generator ( 11 );
a circulating and recirculating oxidizer generation and oxidizer reformer ( 4 ) configured to re-oxidize the metal oxides and transfer them via a first catalyst seal (KAT SEAL)( 6 ), a bed ( 31 ) and air blowers ( 5 ), ( 32 ) to a cyclone vessel ( 7 ) by pneumatic transfer and gravity drop out through a second KAT SEAL ( 33 ) into the fuel reformer ( 15 ) ;
a heat capturing system configured to capture heat at a flue outlet ( 34 ) at top of the cyclone vessel and transferring it to pre- and post- heater headers ( 10 ) configured to provide steam to the steam turbine ( 12 );
wherein the first KAT SEAL ( 6 ) isolates the oxidizer reformer ( 4 ) from the fuel reformer ( 15 ), and the second KAT SEAL ( 33 ) isolates the fuel reformer from the oxidizer reformer.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein, the first KAT SEAL ( 6 ) transfers the metal oxides from the fuel reformer to the oxidizer reformer, and the second KAT SEAL ( 33 ) transfers the re-oxidized metal oxides from the oxidizer reformer to the fuel reformer.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the first or second KAT SEAL comprises a single shaft lifting device.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the first or second KAT SEAL comprises a double shaft lifting device.
11. The system of claim 9 , wherein, the single shaft lifting device comprises a screw, auger or circular wheel with buckets.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein, the double shaft lifting device comprises one or more screws, augers or bucket chains.
13. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the lifting device of the first or second KAT SEAL is positioned at an angle from horizontal to vertical.
14. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the lifting device of the first or second KAT SEAL is powered by an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
15. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the lifting device of the first or second KAT SEAL includes a gear reduction drive.
16. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the lifting device of the first or second KAT SEAL includes forward and reverse motion.
17. The system of claim 8 , wherein, the lifting device of the first or second KAT SEAL includes a variable speed drive.
18. The system of claim 7 further comprising a slide gate valve with an air seal, and a rotary valve below the slide gate valve, configured to meter out spent metal oxide catalyst or ash.
19. The system of claim 7 further comprising a feeder configured to supply fresh metal oxide catalyst into the oxidizer reformer.