Spatially-tagged analyte capture agents for analyte multiplexing
Provided herein are methods for preparing biological samples for spatial proteomic analysis, methods of determining a location of a protein analyte in a biological sample, and methods of determining a location of a protein analyte and a nucleic acid analyte in a biological sample.
1. A method for preparing a biological sample for spatial proteomic analysis, the method comprising:
(a) placing the biological sample on a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of capture probes, wherein a capture probe of the plurality of capture probes comprises a spatial barcode and a capture domain;
(b) contacting the biological sample with a protein blocking buffer; and
(c) contacting the biological sample with a plurality of analyte capture agents, wherein an analyte capture agent of the plurality of analyte capture agents comprises:
(i) an analyte binding moiety that binds to an analyte from the biological sample;
(ii) an analyte binding moiety barcode; and
(iii) an analyte capture sequence, wherein the analyte capture sequence hybridizes to the capture domain of the capture probe.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is a protein.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises contacting the biological sample with methanol for about 5 minutes to about 30 minutes at about −30° C. to about 0° C., wherein said contacting is performed before step (a) or between step (a) and (b).
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises, after step (c):
contacting the biological sample with a fluorescently-labeled antibody.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the method further comprises, performing fluorescence imaging of the biological sample.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises, after step (c):
permeabilizing the biological sample.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises, contacting the biological sample with a coverslip before performing fluorescence imaging of the biological sample.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte binding moiety is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, a cell surface receptor binding molecule, a receptor ligand, a small molecule, a T-cell receptor engager, a B-cell receptor engager, a pro-body, an aptamer, a monobody, an affimer, or a darpin.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protein blocking buffer comprises a first RNAse inhibitor, a second RNAse inhibitor, an acid salt buffer, a non-specific blocking protein, and a surfactant.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first RNAse inhibitor comprises a ribonucleotide vanadyl complex which is present in the protein blocking buffer in an amount of about 5 mM to about 50 mM.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the non-specific blocking protein is present in the protein blocking buffer in an amount of about 1% (w/v) to about 3% (w/v).
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the non-specific blocking protein is a serum albumin.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the serum albumin is bovine serum albumin.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the surfactant is C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n .
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the surfactant is present in the protein blocking buffer in an amount of about 0.05% (w/v) to about 0.2% (w/v).
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second RNAse inhibitor is present in the protein blocking buffer in an amount of about 0.5 U/μL to about 5 U/μL.
18. The method of claim 9 , wherein the acid salt buffer is saline sodium citrate.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is contacted with the protein blocking buffer for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes and wherein the biological sample is contacted with the protein blocking buffer at a temperature of about 1° C. to about 25° C.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the capture probe further comprises a unique molecular identifier, a cleavage domain, one or more functional domains, or combinations thereof.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the capture domain comprises a poly(T) sequence.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte capture sequence comprises a poly(A) sequence.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is a tissue sample.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the tissue sample is a tissue section or a fixed tissue section.
25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a slide or a bead.
26. A method of determining a location of a protein analyte in a biological sample, the method comprising:
preparing a biological sample according to the method of claim 1 ; and
sequencing (i) an analyte binding moiety barcode of the analyte capture agent or a complement thereof, and (ii) a spatial barcode of the capture probe or a complement thereof, and using the determined sequences of (i) and (ii) to correlate the location of the protein analyte in the biological sample.
27. A method of determining a location of a protein analyte and a nucleic acid analyte in a biological sample, the method comprising:
(1) preparing a biological sample according to the method of claim 1 , wherein:
preparing the biological sample comprises permeabilizing the biological sample,
the analyte from the biological sample that is specifically bound by the analyte binding moiety of the analyte capture agent is the protein analyte, and
the substrate comprises a second capture probe of the plurality of capture probes, wherein the second capture probe comprises a spatial barcode and a capture domain, wherein the capture domain of the second capture probe hybridizes to the nucleic acid analyte;
(2) determining the sequence of (i) the analyte binding moiety barcode of the analyte capture agent or a complement thereof, and (ii) the spatial barcode of the capture probe or a complement thereof, and using the determined sequences of (i) and (ii) to correlate the location of the protein analyte in the biological sample; and
(3) determining the sequence of (i) the nucleic acid analyte or a complement thereof, and (ii) the spatial barcode of the second capture probe or a complement thereof, and using the determined sequences of (i) and (ii) to correlate the location of the nucleic acid analyte in the biological sample.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the method further comprises:
contacting the biological sample with a fluorescently-labeled antibody.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the analyte binding moiety is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof, a cell surface receptor binding molecule, a receptor ligand, a small molecule, a T-cell receptor engager, a B-cell receptor engager, a pro-body, an aptamer, a monobody, an affimer, or a darpin.
30. The method of claim 27 , wherein the protein blocking buffer comprises a first RNAse inhibitor, a second RNAse inhibitor, an acid salt buffer, a non-specific blocking protein, and a surfactant.