Reduced power consumption for LLC resonant converter under light load
This disclosure provides a resonant LLC power converter unit to provide a plurality of power outputs. The power converter unit includes multiple transformers arranged such that at least one primary winding of each transformer is connected in parallel and configured to provide a power output to a secondary that powers one of the plurality of outputs. One of these transformers, or a parallel choke across an output bus, can be used to provide lower power to the output bus during a standby state (i.e., during a light- or no-load condition). The power converter unit includes a first switching section for providing a first power input during normal operation and a second switching section for providing a second power input during no- or light-load conditions.
1. A method of operating a series resonant LLC converter coupled via one or more transformers on an AC output bus to one or more output modules whose outputs are coupled to a load, the method comprising:
delivering power to the AC output bus via a first switching section converting power from a high voltage input, the AC output bus configured to inductively deliver power to the one or more output modules;
monitoring current in an LLC resonant tank coupled to the AC output bus, and when the current drops below a light- or no-load threshold, then
switching the first switching section off, and
delivering power to the AC output bus via a second switching section receiving power at a lower voltage than the high voltage input, and delivering power via inductive coupling with the AC output bus.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein switching the first switching section off comprises cutting off power delivery to the first switching section.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein switching the second switching section on comprises starting to switch switches in the second switching section.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current is monitored in a resonant tank of the series resonant LLC converter.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current is monitored on a low voltage rail of the high voltage input.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising monitoring power delivered by a regulator to the second switching section, and when the regulator reaches a power limit, switching the second switching section off and switching the first switching section on.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the secondary switching section provides power to a primary winding across the AC output bus via inductive coupling through a pair of push-pull transformer windings coupled to the second switching section.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the primary winding coupled across the AC output bus is a primary of a transformer of one of the output modules.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the primary winding coupled across the AC output bus is arranged in parallel on the AC output bus with primaries of transformers inductively coupling power into the one or more output modules.
10. A series resonant LLC converter configured to operate in a load state and a standby state, where the standby state provides lower power to an AC output bus than the load state is capable of, the series resonant LLC converter comprising:
a voltage input;
an LC section comprising a first capacitor and an inductor in series;
an AC output bus coupled to the LC section and to one or more output modules;
a primary winding coupled across the AC output bus in parallel to primary windings of the one or more output modules;
a first switching section coupled between the voltage input and the LC section;
a second voltage input;
a second switching section inductively coupled to the primary winding and receiving power from the second voltage input, the second voltage input configured to deliver less power than the first voltage input;
a controller configured to:
monitor current in the LC section or voltage in one of the output modules; and
when the current in the LC section falls below a light- or no-load threshold or the voltage in one of the output modules rises above a light- or no-load threshold, turn the first switching section off and turn the second switching section on.
11. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein devices in the second switching section are lower power handling and higher frequency than those in the first switching section.
12. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein the second voltage input is provided by a regulator coupled between the first voltage input and the second switching section.
13. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 12 , wherein, when the first switching section is off and the second switching section is on, the controller is further configured to monitor the regulator and identify when it reaches its power limit, and then turn the second switching section off and turn the first switching section on.
14. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 13 , wherein identifying when the regulator reaches its power limit is performed by sensing an output voltage of the regulator.
15. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein the primary winding is arranged in parallel on the AC output bus with primary windings of output transformers coupled to the one or more output modules.
16. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein the primary winding is part of an output transformer of one of the one or more output modules.
17. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein the second switching section is arranged on a secondary side of an isolation boundary of the series resonant LLC converter.
18. The series resonant LLC converter of claim 10 , wherein the LC section further comprises a second capacitor coupled in series with the first capacitor and the inductor coupled to a node between the first and second capacitors.