Oxy-fuel burner for glass forehearths
A burner gas supply apparatus for increasing flame turbulence, the apparatus comprising a conduit having a characteristic width, W, defined by an inner surface having a circumferential direction and an axial direction, the axial direction terminating in a nozzle defining a nozzle exit plane and having a characteristic dimension, d, where d<=W; and three bluff bodies each with a characteristic dimension, D bb-i , projecting a length, L i into the conduit from the inner surface, and an axial spacing X i between adjacent bluff bodies (between the downstream bluff body and the nozzle exit plane in the case of X 1 ) wherein 0.5<=L i /W<=1 and wherein X i /D bb-i <=30.
1. A burner gas supply apparatus for increasing flame turbulence, the apparatus comprising:
a conduit having a characteristic width, W, defined by an inner surface having a circumferential direction and an axial direction, the axial direction terminating in a nozzle defining a nozzle exit plane and having a characteristic dimension, d, where d<=W; and
a first bluff body having characteristic dimension, D bb-1 , projecting a length, L 1 , into the conduit from the inner surface, wherein 0.5<=L 1 /W<=1, the first bluff body being spaced apart from the nozzle exit plane by an axial distance of X 1 , wherein X 1 /D bb-1 <=30; and
a second bluff body having a characteristic dimension, D bb-2 , projecting a length, L 2 , into the conduit from the inner surface, wherein 0.5<=L 2 /W<=1, the second bluff body being further in the axial direction from the nozzle exit plane than the first bluff body and spaced apart from the first bluff body by an axial distance of X 2 , wherein X 2 /D bb-2 <=30;
a third bluff body having a characteristic dimension, D bb-3 , projecting a length, L 3 , into the conduit from the inner surface, wherein 0.5<=L 3 /W<=1, the third bluff body being further in the axial direction from the nozzle exit plane than the second bluff body and spaced apart from the second bluff body by an axial distance of X 3 , wherein X 3 /D bb-3 <=30;
wherein the first bluff body and the second bluff body are separated in the circumferential direction by a first spacing angle;
wherein the second bluff body and the third bluff are separated in the circumferential direction by a second spacing angle; and
wherein the first bluff body and the conduit are sized so that a first bluff body Reynolds number, Re bb-1 =ρV inlet D bb-1 /μ, is equal to or greater than 50; and
wherein the nozzle characteristic dimension, d, is sized so that a jet Reynolds number, Re j =ρV j d/μ, is equal to or greater than the first bluff body Reynolds number, Re bb-1 .
2. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 ,
wherein 0.5*(1+d/W)<=L 1 /W<=1;
wherein 0.5*(1+d/W)<=L 2 /W<=1; and
wherein 0.5*(1+d/W)<=L 3 /W<=1.
3. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 ,
wherein 0.8<=L 1 /W<=1;
wherein 0.8<=L 2 /W<=1; and
wherein 0.8<=L 3 /W<=1.
4. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , wherein 0.6<=d/W<=0.7.
5. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 ,
wherein X 1 /D bb-1 <=5;
wherein X 2 /D bb-2 <=5; and
wherein X 3 /D bb-3 <=5.
6. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first bluff body has a circular cross-section.
7. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first spacing angle and the second spacing angle are each greater than 60 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
8. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first spacing angle and the second spacing angle are each from 110 degrees to 130 degrees.
9. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first spacing angle and the second spacing angle are each from 80 degrees to 100 degrees.
10. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a fourth bluff body having a characteristic dimension, D bb-4 , projecting a length, L 4 , into the conduit from the inner surface, wherein 0.5<=L 4 /W<=1, the fourth bluff body being further in the axial direction from the nozzle exit plane than the third bluff body and spaced apart from the third bluff body by an axial distance of X 4 , wherein X 4 /D bb-4 <=30;
wherein the third bluff body and the fourth bluff body are separated in the circumferential direction by a third spacing angle.
11. The burner gas supply apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the first spacing angle, the second spacing angle, and the third spacing angle are each from 80 degrees to 100 degrees.
12. A burner comprising:
a burner gas supply apparatus as in claim 1 ; and
a reactant conduit surrounding the burner gas supply apparatus;
wherein the burner gas supply apparatus is configured and arranged to supply one of a fuel and an oxidant; and
wherein the reactant conduit is configured and arranged to supply the other of a fuel and an oxidant.