Associative polymer fluid with clay nanoparticles for proppant suspension
Provided herein are methods systems and compositions of a fracturing fluid comprising an associative polymer and clay nanoparticles. A method may comprise: providing a fracturing fluid comprising: a carrier fluid; an associative polymer; and clay nanoparticles; and injecting the fracturing fluid into a subterranean formation at or above a fracture gradient.
1. A fracturing fluid comprising:
a carrier fluid;
an associative polymer, wherein the associative polymer comprises at least a water-soluble polymer backbone and at least one hydrophobic segment having one or more hydrophobes comprising 10 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the one or more hydrophobes are present in the associative polymer in an amount from about 10% to about 40% by weight of the associative polymer, and wherein the associative polymer is present in the fracturing fluid in an amount of about 1 pound per 1000 gallons to about 60 pounds per 1000 gallons;
clay nanoparticles, wherein the clay nanoparticles are present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the associative polymer; and
proppant, wherein the proppant is present in an amount of 1 pound per gallon to about 20 pounds per gallon, wherein the proppant is suspended in a gel formed by the associative polymer with at least a portion of the clay nanoparticles occupying interstitials of the gel, and wherein settling of the proppant in the fluid is reduced with respect to a fracturing fluid without the clay nanoparticles.
2. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises aqueous fluids, non-aqueous fluids, slickwater fluids, aqueous gels, viscoelastic surfactant gels, foamed gels, emulsions, and any combination thereof.
3. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises aqueous fluid selected from the group consisting of fresh water, saltwater, brine, seawater, or any combination thereof.
4. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymer is present in an amount of about 1 lb/1000 gal to about 30 lb/1000 gal.
5. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymer has a molecular weight of about 10,000 Daltons to about 10,000,000 Daltons.
6. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymer comprises an acrylamide polymer, methacrylamide polymer, acrylate polymer, methacrylate polymer, or combinations thereof.
7. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrophobe is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl hydrocarbons; halo-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acryloyl, hydrocarbons; and mixtures thereof.
8. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymer comprises at least 0.25 to about 25 hydrophobic segments per molecule.
9. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the clay nanoparticles comprise hectorite, smectite, or combinations thereof.
10. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the clay nanoparticles have a mean particle size of less than 200 nm.
11. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobes are hydrophobic groups obtained by either HASE (direct synthesis pathway) or HEUR (post addition of hydrophobic groups to a hydrophilic chain).
12. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymers comprise polymers obtained by micellar radical polymerization process.
13. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein a hydrophobe is coupled to the water-soluble polymer backbone by a coupling group.
14. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the formed gel has a higher thermal stability than the fracturing fluid without the clay nanoparticles.
15. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the associative polymer comprises a hydrated associative polymer.
16. The fracturing fluid of claim 1 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises a nonaqueous fluid selected from the group consisting of an organic liquid, a hydrocarbon, an oil, an ester, and any combination thereof.
17. A fracturing fluid comprising:
a carrier fluid;
an associative polymer comprising at least one hydrophobe comprising from 1 to 24 carbons, wherein hydrophobes are present in the associative polymer in an amount from about 10% to 40% by weight of the associative polymer, and wherein the associative polymer is present in the fracturing fluid in an amount of about 15 pounds per gallon to about 25 pounds per gallon;
clay nanoparticles, wherein the clay nanoparticles comprise synthetic hectorite and are present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the associative polymer; and
proppant, wherein the proppant is present in an amount of about 1 pound per gallon to about 20 pounds per gallon, wherein the proppant is suspended in a gel formed by the associative polymer with at least a portion of the clay nanoparticles occupying interstitials of the gel, and wherein settling of the proppant in the fluid is reduced with respect to a fracturing fluid without the clay nano particles.
18. The fracturing fluid of claim 17 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises aqueous fluids, non-aqueous fluids, slickwater fluids, aqueous gels, viscoelastic surfactant gels, foamed gels, emulsions, and any combination thereof.
19. The fracturing fluid of claim 18 , wherein the associative polymer comprises an acrylamide polymer, methacrylamide polymer, acrylate polymer, methacrylate polymer, or combinations thereof, present in an amount of about 1 lb/1000 gal to about 30 lb/1000 gal.
20. The fracturing fluid of claim 18 , wherein the at least one hydrophobe is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl hydrocarbons; halo-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acryloyl, arylalkyl hydrocarbons; and mixtures thereof.