Method for recovering extracellular vesicles
The present invention provides recovering an extracellular vesicle(s) having high purity from an extracellular vesicle-containing sample. Specifically, the present invention provides a method of recovering an extracellular vesicle(s), comprising: (1) treating an extracellular vesicle-containing sample with a chelating agent; and (2) separating the extracellular vesicle(s) from the extracellular vesicle-containing sample treated with the chelating agent.
1. A method of recovering extracellular vesicles, the method comprising:
(1) adding a chelating agent to a sample comprising extracellular vesicles, thereby obtaining a solution comprising at least 40 mM of the chelating agent and the extracellular vesicles, wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles comprises a culture supernatant or a body fluid;
(2) treating the sample comprising extracellular vesicles with the chelating agent in the solution;
(3) separating the solution obtained in (2) into (i) a liquid portion comprising the chelating agent and (ii) a precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles;
(4) removing the liquid portion comprising the chelating agent; and
(5) recovering the precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles,
wherein the chelating agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glycoletherdiaminetetraacetic acid (EGTA), hydroxyethyl ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HIDA), oxalic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is treated with 40 mM to 200 mM of the chelating agent.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extracellular vesicles are exosomes.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separating is performed by a precipitation method using an extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance or an ultracentrifugation method of the sample comprising extracellular vesicles.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance is an antibody against CD9.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance is bound to a solid phase.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance is bound to magnetic beads.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is the body fluid or the culture supernatant.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is a blood sample, urine, or a breast fluid.
10. A method of analyzing extracellular vesicles, the method comprising:
(1) recovering extracellular vesicles by the method of claim 1 , wherein the extracellular vesicles comprise a component to be analyzed; and
(2) analyzing the recovered extracellular vesicles,
(i) wherein when the recovered extracellular vesicles comprise the component to be analyzed, the component in the recovered extracellular vesicles is analyzed by at least one method selected from the group consisting of an immunoassay, hybridization method, gene amplification method, mass spectrometry, proteome analysis and metabolome analysis, or
(ii) the recovered extracellular vesicles are analyzed with at least one instrument selected from the group consisting of a particle analytical instrument, an electron microscope and a flow cytometer.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the recovered extracellular vesicles comprise a protein, and the protein in the recovered extracellular vesicles is analyzed by at least one method selected from the group consisting of an immunoassay, mass spectrometry and proteome analysis.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is treated with the chelating agent for at least one minute.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating is performed at from 15 to 30° C.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is treated with at least 40 mM of EDTA.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is treated with at least 40 mM of EGTA.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising preparing the sample comprising extracellular vesicles before (1), wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles is plasma.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles comprises a sample other than urine.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising suspending the recovered precipitation portion in a solution which does not comprise a chelating agent, thereby obtaining a suspension which comprises the extracellular vesicles and which does not comprise a chelating agent.
19. A method of recovering extracellular vesicles, the method comprising:
(1) adding a chelating agent to a sample comprising extracellular vesicles, thereby obtaining a solution comprising at least 40 mM of the chelating agent and the extracellular vesicles, wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles comprises a culture supernatant or a body fluid;
(2) treating the sample comprising extracellular vesicles with the chelating agent in the solution;
(3) separating the solution obtained in (2) into (i) a liquid portion comprising the chelating agent and (ii) a precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles by a precipitation method using an extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance;
(4) removing the liquid portion comprising the chelating agent; and
(5) recovering the precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles,
wherein the chelating agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glycoletherdiaminetetraacetic acid (EGTA), hydroxyethyl ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HIDA), oxalic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance is bound to magnetic beads.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the precipitation portion comprises magnetic beads bound with the extracellular vesicles via the extracellular vesicle membrane-binding substance, and further comprising eluting the extracellular vesicles from the recovered precipitation portion.
22. A method of recovering extracellular vesicles, the method comprising:
(1) adding a chelating agent to a sample comprising extracellular vesicles, thereby obtaining a solution comprising at least 40 mM of the chelating agent and the extracellular vesicles, wherein the sample comprising extracellular vesicles comprises a culture supernatant or a body fluid;
(2) treating the sample comprising extracellular vesicles with the chelating agent in the solution;
(3) separating the solution obtained in (2) into (i) a liquid portion comprising the chelating agent and (ii) a precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles by ultracentrifugation;
(4) removing the liquid portion comprising the chelating agent; and
(5) recovering the precipitation portion comprising the extracellular vesicles,
wherein the chelating agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glycoletherdiaminetetraacetic acid (EGTA), hydroxyethyl ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HIDA), oxalic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof.