Dual electrode system for a continuous analyte sensor
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for a continuous analyte sensor, such as a continuous glucose sensor. One such system utilizes first and second working electrodes to measure additional analyte or non-analyte related signal. Such measurements may provide a background and/or sensitivity measurement(s) for use in processing sensor data and may be used to trigger events such as digital filtering of data or suspending display of data.
1. A sensor for measuring an analyte in a host, the sensor comprising:
a first working electrode disposed beneath an active enzymatic portion of a first membrane; and
a second working electrode disposed beneath an inactive-enzymatic portion of a second membrane, wherein the inactive enzymatic portion comprises at least one of a deactivated enzyme or an inactive enzyme, wherein the first working electrode and the second working electrode are coaxial.
2. The sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a reference electrode.
3. The sensor of claim 2 , further comprising a counter electrode.
4. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane located over the first working electrode and the second membrane located over the second working electrode each comprise an interference domain that restricts a flow of at least one interfering species.
5. The sensor of claim 4 , wherein the interference domain comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane and a cellulosic polymer.
6. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane located over the first working electrode and the second membrane located over the second working electrode each comprise a resistance domain that controls a flux of the analyte therethrough.
7. The sensor of claim 6 , wherein the resistance domain comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane and a silicone.
8. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a glucose sensor, and wherein the first working electrode is configured to generate a first signal associated with glucose related electroactive compounds and non-glucose related electroactive compounds, wherein the glucose related electroactive compounds and the non-glucose related electroactive compounds have a first oxidation potential.
9. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein the second working electrode is configured to generate a second signal associated with non-glucose related electroactive compounds, wherein the non-glucose related electroactive compounds have oxidation potentials forming a range that overlaps with the first oxidation potential.
10. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the membrane system located over the first working electrode comprises polymers having pendant ionic groups.
11. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first working electrode and/or the second working electrode comprises a bulk material or a plated wire.
12. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is configured for implantation into the host.
13. The sensor of claim 12 , wherein the sensor is configured for subcutaneous implantation in a tissue of the host.
14. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor substantially continuously measures an analyte concentration in the host.
15. A sensor for measuring an analyte in a host, the sensor comprising:
a first working electrode disposed beneath an active enzymatic portion of a membrane system;
a second working electrode disposed beneath an inactive-enzymatic or non-enzymatic portion of the membrane system; and
an insulator located between the first working electrode and the second working electrode, wherein the first working electrode and the second working electrode are coaxial.
16. The sensor of claim 15 , wherein the insulator comprises an insulating material selected from the group consisting of parylene, fluorinated polymers, polyethyleneterephthalate, PTFE, ETFE, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyimide, and silicone.
17. The sensor of claim 15 , wherein the membrane system located over the first working electrode comprises polymers having pendant ionic groups.
18. The sensor of claim 15 , wherein the sensor is configured for implantation into the host.
19. The sensor of claim 18 , wherein the sensor is configured for subcutaneous implantation in a tissue of the host.
20. The sensor of claim 15 , wherein the first working electrode and/or the second working electrode comprises a bulk material or a plated wire.