Compounds and compositions for immunotherapy

1. A method of treating a disease in a subject comprising administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound having the structure of Formula (Ib):

TM-L-AM  (Ib),

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof,

wherein

TM is a targeting moiety that comprises an immunoglobulin that specifically binds to an antigen that is expressed on a tumor cell that is able to inhibit cell growth or proliferation, or induce apoptosis, directly or indirectly;

L is a linker;

wherein TM-L comprises TM-T a , wherein TM-T a is

wherein T forms a bond with a sulfur atom of the immunoglobulin, or T is linked to the immunoglobulin via a disulfide bond;

a is 1;

R 11 is —C 1 -C 10 alkylene-, —C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo-, —O—(C 1 -C 8 alkyl)-, -arylene-, —C 1 -C 10 alkylene-arylene-, -arylene-C 1 -C 10 alkylene-, —C 1 -C 10 alkylene-(C 3 -C 8 carbocyclo)-, —(C 3 -C 8 carbo cyclo)-C 1 -C 10 alkylene-, —C 3 -C 8 heterocyclo-, —C 1 -C 10 alkylene-(C 3 -C 8 heterocyclo)-, —(C 3 -C 8 heterocyclo)-C 1 -C 10 alkylene-, —(CH 2 CH 2 O) r —, or —(CH 2 CH 2 O) r —CH 2 —;

r is an integer ranging from 1-10; and

AM is a radical of an activating moiety that is represented by structure of formula (I) or (II):

wherein

dashed line represents a bond or absence of the bond;

is the point to be connected to the linker;

X is S or —NR 1 ;

R 1 is —W 0 —W 1 —W 2 —W 3 —W 4 ;

W 0 is a bond, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or -alkyl-S-alkyl-;

W 1 is a bond, —O—, or —NR 2 —, wherein R 2 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl;

W 2 is a bond, —O—, —C(O)—, —C(S)—, or —S(O) 2 —;

W 3 is a bond, —NR 3 —, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl;

W 4 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, —NH 2 ,

nitro, -alkyl-hydroxyl, -alkyl-aryl, -alkyl-heteroaryl, -alkyl-heterocyclyl, —O—R 4 , —O-alkyl-R 4 , -alkyl-O—R 4 , —C(O)—R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—O—R 4 , —C(O)—O—R 4 , —S—R 4 , —S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NH—S(O) 2 —R 4 , -alkyl-S—R 4 , -alkyl-S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NHR 4 , —NR 4 R 4 , —NH-alkyl-R 4 , halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , and —SH, wherein R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, -alkyl-hydroxyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, or haloalkyl;

Z is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, aryl, haloalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, each of which can be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, halogen, cyano,

nitro, —N(R 5 ) 2 , -alkoxy-alkyl, -alkoxy-alkenyl, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)—O-alkyl, —O—C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)—N(R 5 ) 2 , aryl, heteroaryl, —CO-aryl, and —CO-heteroaryl, wherein each R 5 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, -alkyl-aryl, or -alkyl-heteroaryl;

R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, —NH 2 , nitro, -alkyl-hydroxyl, -alkyl-aryl, -alkyl-heteroaryl, -alkyl-heterocyclyl, —O—R 4 , —O-alkyl- R 4 , -alkyl-O—R 4 , —C(O)—R 4 , —C(O)—NH—R 4 , —C(O)—NR 4 R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—O—R 4 , —C(O)—O—R 4 , —O—C(O)—R 4 , —S—R 4 , —C(O)—S—R 4 , —S—C(O)—R 4 , —S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NH—S(O) 2 —R 4 , -alkyl-S—R 4 , -alkyl-S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NH R 4 , —NR 4 R 4 , —NH-alkyl-R 4 , halogen, —CN, and —SH, wherein R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, -alkyl-hydroxyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or haloalkyl;

n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;

Y is —NR 6 R 7 , —CR 6 R 7 R 8 , or -alkyl-NH 2 , each of which can be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, —NH 2 ,

halogen, —N(R 5 ) 2 , -alkoxy-alkyl, -alkoxy-alkenyl, —C(O)-alkyl, —C(O)—O-alkyl, —C(O)—N(R 5 ) 2 , aryl, heteroaryl, —CO-aryl, and —CO-heteroaryl;

wherein R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylthio, arylthio, -alkyl-hydroxyl, -alkyl-C(O)—O—R 9 , -alkyl-C(O)—R 9 , or -alkyl-O—C(O)—R 9 , wherein each R 5 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, -alkyl-aryl, or -alkyl-heteroaryl, wherein R 9 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, halogen, or haloalkyl; and

X and Z taken together may optionally form a (5-9)-membered ring.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of an activating moiety that is represented by the structure of formula (I).

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of an activating moiety that is represented by the structure of formula (II).

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein

the linker is -T a -W w Y y -;

each W is, independently, an amino acid;

w is an integer ranging from 2 to 12;

Y is 2-aminoimidazol-5-methanol, 4-aminobutyric acid amide, 2-aminophenylpropionic acid amide, a branched bis(hydroxymethyl)styrene (BHMS), -glycine-, -glycine-glycine-, or a p-aminobenzyl alcohol (PAB) group that is linked to -W w via the nitrogen atom of the PAB unit, and connected directly to -AM via a carbonate, carbamate, or ether group;

y is 0, 1, or 2.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein AM is a radical of an activating moiety that is represented by of formula (I).

6. The method of claim 4 , wherein AM is a radical of an activating moiety that is represented by of formula (II).

7. The method of claim 4 , wherein W w is a dipeptide, tripeptide, tetrapeptide, pentapeptide, hexapeptide, heptapeptide, octapeptide, nonapeptide, or decapeptide.

8. The method of claim 2 , wherein X is —NR 1 , R 1 is alkyl, -alkyl-W 4 , -alkyl-O-W 4 , -alkyl-NH—C(O)-W 4 , -alkoxy-NH—C(O)-W 4 , -alkyl-NH—C(O)—NH—W 4 , -alkoxy-NH—C(O)—NH-W 4 , -alkyl-S(O) 2 -W 4 , or -alkyl-NH—C(S)-W 4 .

9. The method of claim 2 , wherein X is S.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein Z is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, haloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted by one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cyano, -alkoxy-alkyl, nitro, and —N(R 5 ) 2 , wherein each R 5 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, -alkyl-aryl, or -alkyl-heteroaryl.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is 1 or 2, R is aryl or heteroaryl each of which is optionally substituted by one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl,

alkoxy, -alkyl-hydroxyl, —O—R 4 , —O-alkyl-R 4 , -alkyl-O—R 4 , —C(O)—R 4 , —C(O)—NH—R 4 , —C(O)—NR 4 R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—R 4 , -alkyl-C(O)—O—R 4 , —C(O)—O—R 4 , —O—C(O)—R 4 , —S—R 4 , —C(O)—S—R 4 , —S—C(O)—R 4 , —S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NH—S(O) 2 —R 4 , -alkyl-S—R 4 , -alkyl-S(O) 2 —R 4 , —NHR 4 , —NR 4 R 4 , —NH-alkyl-R 4 , halogen, —CN, and —SH, wherein R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, -alkyl-hydroxyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, or haloalkyl.

12. The method of claim 2 , wherein Y is —NH 2 , -alkyl-NH 2 , each of which is optionally substituted by one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, and alkynyl.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of a compound selected from the group consisting of:

2-propylthiazolo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-a,a-di-methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol,

1-(4-amino-2-ethylaminomethylimidazo-[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-ol,

N-[4-(4-amino-2-ethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl-]methanesulfonamide,

4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-a,a-dimethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol,

4-amino-a,a-dimethyl-2-methoxyethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol,

1-{2-[3-(benzyloxy)propoxy]ethyl}-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

N-(2-{2-[4-amino-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethoxy}ethyl)-N′-phenylurea,

1-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

1-{4-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)sulfonyl]butyl}-2-ethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

N-{3-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]propyl}-N′-(3-cyano phenyl)thiourea,

N-[3-(4-amino-2-butyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]benzamide,

2-butyl-1-[3-(methylsulfonyl)propyl]-1H- imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

N-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-1,1-dimethylethyl}-2-ethoxyacetamide,

1-[4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-7-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-2-methyl propan-2-ol,

1-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-7-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-2-methyl propan-2-ol,

N-(2-{2-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]ethoxy}ethyl)-N′-cyclohexylurea,

N-{3-[4-amino-1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-2-(methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-7-yl]phenyl}methanesulfonamide,

1-[4-amino-7-(5-hydroxymethylpyridin-3-yl)-2-(2-methoxyethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-2-methylpropan-2-ol,

3-[4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-7-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]propane-1,2-diol,

1-[2-(4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-3-propyl urea,

1-[2-(4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]-3-cyclopentylurea,

1-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl]-2-(ethoxymethyl)-7-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine,

4-[4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-7-yl]-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide,

2-ethoxymethyl-N1-isopropyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1,4-diamine,

1-[4-amino-2-ethyl-7-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-2-methylpropan-2-ol, and

N-[4-(4-amino-2-ethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)butyl]methanesulfonamide.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immunoglobulin comprises an antibody or a functional fragment thereof.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said TM comprises a therapeutic monoclonal antibody.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen is selected from the group consisting of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD37, CD38, CD47, CD52, Angiopoietin 2, ErbB3, ErbB4, EGFL7, EGFR, EphA2, EphA3, EphB2, Her2, IGF1R, Lewis Y, Mesothelin, c-MET, MUC1, NOTCH, PD-L1, PSCA, PSMA, RANKL, ROR1, and ROR2.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immunoglobulin comprises rituximab, trastuzumab, cetuximab, Panitumumab, Ofatumumab, belimumab, ipilimumab, Pertuzumab, Tremelimumab, Nivolumab, Dacetuzumab, Urelumab, MPDL3280A, Lambrolizumab, Blinatumomab, a functional fragment thereof, or a mixture thereof.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen is PD-L1.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen is CD20.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen is Her2.

21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen is EGFR.

22. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of 1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine.

23. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of 4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-a,a-di-methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-1-ethanol.

24. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of 1-(4-amino-2-ethylaminomethylimidazo-[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-2-ol.

25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activating moiety is capable of activating a dendritic cell, a macrophage, a monocyte, a myeloid-derived suppressor cell, an NK cell, a B cell, a T cell, a tumor cell, or a combination thereof.

26. The method of claim 1 , wherein said TM is able to inhibit cell growth or proliferation, or induce apoptosis, directly or indirectly.

27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

28. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering an effective amount of an additional therapeutic agent.

29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the additional therapeutic agent is an anticancer agent selected from an antimetabolite, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I and II, an alkylating agent, a microtubule inhibitor, an antiandrogen agent, a GNRh modulator, and a mixture thereof.

30. The method of claim 1 , wherein said antigen is selected from the group consisting of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD37, CD38, CD47, CD52, Angiopoietin 2, ErbB3, ErbB4, EGFL7, EGFR, EphA2, EphA3, EphB2, Her2, IGF1R, Lewis Y, Mesothelin, c-MET, MUC1, NOTCH, PD-L1, PSCA, PSMA, RANKL, ROR1, and ROR2.

31. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease comprises cancer.

32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease is a cancer selected from stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, breast, cervix uteri, corpus uteri, ovary, testis, bladder, renal, brain/Central Nervous System, head and neck, throat, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, Ewing's sarcoma, small cell lung cancer, choriocarcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, hairy cell leukemia, mouth/pharynx, oesophagus, larynx, or lymphoma.

33. The method of claim 4 , wherein W w is

wherein

R 2 is hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, benzyl, p-hydroxybenzyl, —CH 2 OH, —CH(OH)CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 SCH 3 , —CH 2 CONH 2 , —CH 2 COOH, —CH 2 CH 2 CO NH 2 ,

—CH 2 CH 2 COOH, —(CH 2 ) 3 NHC(═NH)NH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 3 NH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 3 NHCOCH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 3 NHCHO, —(CH 2 ) 4 NHC(═NH)NH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 4 NHCOCH 3 , —(CH 2 ) 4 NHCHO, —(CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 , —(CH 2 ) 4 NHCONH 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 NH 2 , 2-pyridylmethyl, 3-pyridylmethyl, 4-pyridylmethyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl,

34. The method of claim 4 , wherein W w is

wherein

R 3 is benzyl, methyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, or

and

R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 , (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 , methyl, or (CH 2 ) 3 NHC(═NH)NH 2 .

35. The method of claim 4 , wherein W w is

wherein

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is methyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is isopropyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is isopropyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is isobutyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is sec-butyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 and R 3 is

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is methyl, or

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHC(═NH)NH 2 .

36. The method of claim 4 , wherein Y y is

m is 0; and

W w is

wherein

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is methyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is isopropyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 4 NH 2 ,

R 3 is isopropyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is isobutyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 3 is sec-butyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 ,

R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHCONH 2 and R 3 is

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is methyl, or

R 3 is benzyl and R 4 is (CH 2 ) 3 NHC(═NH)NH 2 .

37. The method of claim 4 , wherein TM-T a is

38. The method of claim 4 , wherein TM-T a is

39. The method of claim 4 , wherein Y y is

Q is —C 1 -C 8 alkyl, —C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or cyano; and

m is an integer ranging from 0 to 4.

40. The method of claim 4 , wherein -T a -W W Y y - is

41. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is —(CH 2 ) 5 —.

42. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is —(CH 2 CH 2 O) r —CH 2 —, and r is 2.

43. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of

44. The method of claim 1 , wherein AM is a radical of