Acoustic fibrous decoupler
Moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part for a vehicle, comprising at least a three layer system consisting of a first porous fibrous layer and a second porous fibrous layer and an air permeable intermediate film layer situated between the first and second porous fibrous layers and wherein the adjacent surfaces within the three layer system are interconnected, wherein the second porous fibrous layer has an area weight AW2 that is varying over the surface and wherein at least for areas of the three layer system with a total thickness t between 5 and 35 mm, the area weight AW2 relates to the total thickness t of the three layer system as following 25*t+175<AW2<45*t+475 wherein t is in mm and AW2 is in g·m−2 and wherein the area weight AW2 of the second porous fibrous layer is increasing with increasing total thickness t of the three layer system.
1. A moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part for a vehicle, comprising:
a first porous fibrous layer;
a second porous fibrous layer with a variable area weight (AW2)
an air permeable intermediate film layer situated between and interconnected to the first and second porous fibrous layers;
wherein the first porous fibrous layer, the second porous fibrous layer, and the air permeable intermediate film layer define a three-layer system having a total thickness (t) between 5 and 35 mm; and
wherein the area weight (AW2) of the second porous fibrous layer varies with the total thickness (t) of the three-layer system within the limits provided by the following:
25*t+175<AW2<45*t+475, wherein t is in mm and AW2 is in g·m −2 , and wherein the area weight AW2 of the second porous fibrous layer increases with increasing total thickness (t) of the three-layer system.
2. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second porous fibrous layers have an area weight between 300 and 4000 g·m −2 .
3. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein at least the second layer has a compression stiffness of at least 3.5 kPa.
4. Moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the total air flow resistance of the three-layer system is between 500 and 10000 Nsm −3 .
5. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the overall air flow resistance and the overall density of the three-layer system relate as following:
1500<AFRoverall−10 <5000 with AFR overall in Nsm −3 and in kg/m 3 .
6. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the overall air flow resistance and the overall density of areas of the three-layer system with overall density above 160 kg/m3 relate as follows:
1500<AFR overall −10 <5000 with AFR overall in Nsm −3 and in kg/m 3 .
7. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the air flow resistance of the first porous fibrous layer and the intermediate film layer together represents at least 55% of the total air flow resistance of the three-layer system, and wherein the air flow resistance of the intermediate film layer is higher than the total air flow resistance of the first and second porous fibrous layers.
8. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second porous fibrous layers comprise fibers made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: nylon, polyester, polyolefin, or polyethylene, and mineral fibers.
9. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second porous fibrous layers comprises self-crimped frizzy fibers.
10. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second porous fibrous layers comprises reclaimed fibers made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: cotton shoddy, synthetic shoddy, polyester shoddy, natural fiber shoddy and mixed synthetic fiber, and natural fiber shoddy.
11. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second porous fibrous layers comprise thermoplastic binder material made of at least one of the materials selected from the group consisting of: polyester, polyolefin, polylactic acid and polyamide.
12. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , wherein the air permeable intermediate film layer comprises at least one layer comprising at least one of the polymers selected from the group consisting of: polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, ethylene acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), polypropylene (PP), thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyetherimide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, and copolymers, or biopolymers.
13. The moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , further comprising at least a covering scrim layer, an acoustic scrim layer, and a decorative top layer.
14. An inner-dash insulator or a floor carpet at least partially comprised of the moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part of claim 1 .
15. A method for producing the moulded three-dimensional noise attenuating trim part according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:
a. preparing at least an unconsolidated or pre-consolidated second porous fibrous layer with an area weight varying over the surface, wherein the layer is produced by laying fibers and binder material into a product shaping cavity;
b. preparing an unconsolidated or pre-consolidated first porous fibrous layer;
c. stacking a film layer and the unconsolidated or pre-consolidated first and second porous fibrous layers in a mould with the film layer situated between the first and second porous fibrous layers, together with any optional additional layer; and
d. consolidating the materials and laminating the layers together in the mould by a consolidating treatment, wherein the thermoplastic binder softens and or melts binding the fibers or binding to the adjacent layers.