Process control systems and methods using a solid-state additive manufacturing system and continuous feeding systems and structures
A process control system and a method for process control of a solid-state additive manufacturing system capable of performing various additive processes, such as joining, additive manufacturing, coating, repair and others, are disclosed. The process control system is capable of simultaneous measuring, monitoring and controlling multiple process variables, viz. material temperature, actuator down force, tool force (or torque), tool position, tool angular and transverse velocity, spindle torque (angular velocity), filler flow rate, filler composition, track width, inert gas flow rate and others. A feeding system for continuous supply of filler material to the solid-state additive manufacturing system is also disclosed. The filler material can be in a form of a powder, granules, briquettes, beads, flakes, wires, rods, films, scrap pieces, sheets, blocks or their combinations. Methods for generation of different periodic and non-periodic structures and joints using the process-controlled solid-state additive manufacturing system are also disclosed.
1. A system to control addition of a solid filler material to a surface of a workpiece using a solid-state additive manufacturing system, the system comprising:
a spindle configured to receive solid filler material;
tooling configured to receive the solid filler material from the spindle and add the solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece to provide added solid filler material with a selected microstructure on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the tooling comprises a body and a throat capable of receiving the solid filler material from the spindle, and wherein the spindle is configured to provide a downward force to push the solid filler material through the throat of the tooling during addition of the solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece; and
a controller electrically coupled to the spindle and the tooling to control the selected microstructure of the solid filler material added to the surface of the workpiece, wherein the controller is configured to receive a first process variable from the spindle and a second process variable from the tooling, and wherein the controller is configured to independently control the spindle using the received, first process variable and control the tooling using the received, second process variable, to add the solid filler material from the tooling to the surface of the workpiece as plasticly deformed solid filler material, and wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control the provided downward force from the spindle.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to provide the selected microstructure that comprises one or more of a honeycomb structure, a sandwich structure, or a repeating block structure.
3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a solid filler system configured to provide the solid filler material to the spindle, wherein the controller is configured to use a received, third process variable from the solid filler system to control continuous loading of solid filler material into the solid filler system to permit continuous addition of the plasticly deformed solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, third process variable to control a down force that pushes the solid filler material toward the spindle.
5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control angular velocity of the tooling during addition of the plasticly deformed solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece.
6. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control torque of the tooling during addition of the plasticly deformed solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece.
7. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable and provide closed loop control to control a friction force between the tooling and the surface of the workpiece during addition of the plasticly deformed solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece.
8. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control transverse movement of the tooling while the plasticly deformed solid filler material is added to the surface of the workpiece.
9. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control layering of the plasticly deformed solid added filler material on the surface of the workpiece.
10. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, second process variable to control the temperature of the surface of the workpiece.
11. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to use the received, third process variable to control a temperature of solid filler material in the solid filler system.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to monitor thickness and width of the solid filler material added to the surface of the workpiece, and wherein when the thickness and width of the added solid filler material is achieved, the controller is configured to retract the tooling from the surface of the workpiece to discontinue addition of the solid filler material to the surface of the workpiece.
13. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a first sensor configured to measure the first process variable, and a second sensor configured to measure the second process variable, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are each electrically coupled to the controller.