Voltage regulator circuit for LED luminaire
A voltage-regulating drive circuit for an LED luminaire is disclosed. The drive circuit includes one or several series of LED light engines. A voltage source with a regulator is connected to the series of LED light engines to forward-bias the light engines. The circuit also includes a driver integrated circuit, which may drive the series of LED light engines using, e.g., pulse-width modulation (PWM). The circuit also includes a feedback circuit connected to the cathode end of the series of LED light engines. The feedback circuit receives a remainder voltage and creates a feedback output signal that upregulates or downregulates the regulator of the voltage source to keep a minimum operating voltage on the driver integrated circuit and to compensate for variations in forward voltages among LED light engines in the series.
1. A drive circuit for an LED luminaire, comprising:
a voltage source including a voltage regulator;
at least one series of LED light engines connected so as to be forward-biased by the voltage source;
a feedback circuit including
a filter leg connected in parallel to a cathode end of the at least one series of LED light engines, the filter leg including a low-pass filter and generating a remainder voltage signal therefrom, and
an amplifier circuit that generates a feedback output voltage from a reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal, the amplifier circuit connected to a feedback input of the voltage regulator such that a reference feedback voltage received by the feedback input of the voltage regulator is influenced by the feedback output voltage;
wherein the feedback output voltage produced by the amplifier circuit from the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal is time-varying.
2. The drive circuit of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier circuit comprises a buffered voltage source supplying the reference voltage.
3. The drive circuit of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier circuit comprises an integrator that receives the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal.
4. The drive circuit of claim 1 , wherein the low-pass filter comprises an RC filter.
5. The drive circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a voltage divider network connected between the amplifier circuit and the feedback input of the voltage regulator, such that the voltage divider network produces the reference feedback voltage from the feedback output voltage.
6. The drive circuit of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier circuit comprises:
an op amp in a voltage follower configuration supplying the reference voltage; and
an op amp in an integrator configuration that receives the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal and generates the feedback output voltage as a continuous voltage ramp that is based on a difference between the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal.
7. The drive circuit of claim 6 , further comprising a voltage divider network connected between the amplifier circuit and the feedback input of the voltage regulator, such that the voltage divider network produces the reference feedback voltage from the feedback output voltage.
8. The drive circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a driver integrated circuit connected to the cathode end of the at least one series of LED light engines.
9. The drive circuit of claim 8 , wherein the feedback circuit is configured and adapted to maintain at least a predefined minimum voltage on the driver integrated circuit.
10. A drive circuit for an LED luminaire, comprising:
a voltage source including a voltage regulator;
at least one series of LED light engines connected so as to be forward-biased by the voltage source;
a feedback circuit including
a filter leg connected in parallel to a cathode end of the at least one series of LED light engines, the filter leg including a low-pass filter and generating a remainder voltage signal therefrom, and
an amplifier circuit that generates a feedback output voltage from a reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal, the amplifier circuit connected to a feedback input of the voltage regulator such that a reference feedback voltage received by the feedback input of the voltage regulator is influenced by the feedback output voltage;
wherein the feedback output voltage produced by the amplifier circuit from the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal is a single, constant voltage.
11. The drive circuit of claim 10 , wherein the amplifier circuit comprises a buffered voltage source supplying the reference voltage.
12. The drive circuit of claim 10 , wherein the low-pass filter comprises an RC filter.
13. The drive circuit of claim 10 , further comprising a voltage divider network connected between the amplifier circuit and the feedback input of the voltage regulator, such that the voltage divider network produces the reference feedback voltage from the feedback output voltage.
14. The drive circuit of claim 10 , further comprising a driver integrated circuit connected to the cathode end of the at least one series of LED light engines.
15. The drive circuit of claim 14 , wherein the feedback circuit is configured and adapted to maintain at least a predefined minimum voltage on the driver integrated circuit.
16. The drive circuit of claim 10 , wherein the amplifier circuit comprises:
a first op amp in a voltage follower configuration supplying the reference voltage; and
a second op amp with a predefined gain that receives the reference voltage and the remainder voltage signal and generates the feedback output voltage in proportion to the gain.
17. The drive circuit of claim 16 , wherein the second op amp is in an inverting configuration with the remainder voltage signal received at the non-inverting input of the second op amp.