Purification of recycled and renewable organic material
A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material includes more than 1 ppm silicon as silicon compounds. Exemplary steps include (a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material; (b) heat treating the recycled or renewable organic material to form a heat treated recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the at least part of silicon compounds present in the recycled or renewable organic material are converted to volatile silicon compounds, and (c) evaporating volatile silicon compounds from the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material to obtain recycled or renewable organic material fraction containing less silicon than the recycled or renewable organic material provided in step (a).
1. A method of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material contains more than 1 ppm silicon as silicon compounds, the method comprising:
(a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material;
(b) heat treating the recycled or renewable organic material in a pressure from 500 to 5000 kPa to form a heat treated recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the at least part of silicon compounds present in the recycled or renewable organic material are converted to volatile silicon compounds; and
(c) evaporating volatile silicon compounds from the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material;
to obtain
(i) a vapor fraction containing a major part of volatile silicon compounds, and (ii) a heat treated recycled or renewable organic material fraction containing less silicon than the recycled or renewable organic material provided in step (a).
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the method comprises:
(d) hydrotreating the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material fraction in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to obtain purified recycled or renewable organic material.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the purified recycled or renewable organic material contains less silicon than the recycled or renewable organic material provided in step (a).
4. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein hydrotreating step (d) takes place under continuous hydrogen flow.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein in step (d) the continuous hydrogen flow has an H2/feed ratio from 500 to 2000 n-L/L.
6. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein step (d) is performed at a temperature within a range of from 270 to 380° C.
7. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein step (d) is performed under pressure from 4 to 20 MPa.
8. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the hydrotreating catalyst in step (d) contains at least one component selected from IUPAC group 6, 8 or 10 of the Periodic Table.
9. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the hydrotreating catalyst in step (d) is a supported Pd, Pt, Ni, NiW, NiMo or a CoMo catalysts and the support is zeolite, zeolite-alumina, alumina and/or silica, NiW/Al 2 O 3 , NiMo/Al 2 O 3 or CoMo/Al 2 O 3 .
10. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein step (d) is accomplished by (d 1 ) hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material fraction.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein step (d 1 ) is performed in a presence of a HDO catalyst at 290 to 350° C. under pressure from 4 to 20 MPa and under continuous hydrogen flow.
12. A method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein step (d 1 ) is accomplished by (d 1 ) hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material fraction in a presence of a HDO catalyst at a temperature from 290 to 350° C. under pressure from 4 to 201\4 Pa and under continuous hydrogen flow to obtain purified recycled or renewable organic material containing less than 1 wt % of oxygen, and less than 20% of the original silicon content of the recycled or renewable organic material provided in step (a).
13. A method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein in step (d 1 ) the HDO catalyst is sulfided NiW, NiMo or CoMo catalyst.
14. A method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein in step (d 1 ) the continuous hydrogen flow has an H2/feed ratio from 500 to 2000 n−L/L.
15. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed at 180 to 325° C.
16. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a residence time is from 1 to 300 min in step (b).
17. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pressure in step (b) is from 800 to 2000 kPa.
18. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step (c) is performed at from 145 to 250° C.
19. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pressure in step (c) is 0.1 to 5 kPa.
20. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step (c) from 1 to 10 wt % of the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material is evaporated.
21. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein water is added to the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material so that a water content of the heat treated recycled or renewable material before evaporation step (c) is from 1 to 5 wt %.
22. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein after step (c) silicon content of the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material fraction is less than 50%, of the original silicon content of the recycled or renewable organic material provided in step (a).
23. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the recycled or renewable organic material is selected from a group consisting of plant based fats and oils, animal based fats and oils, fossil waste-based oils, waste oils, algal oils and microbial oils.
24. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the recycled or renewable organic material is selected from a group consisting of crude tall oil (CTO), tall oil pitch (TOP), crude fatty acid (CFA), tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) and distilled tall oil (DTO).
25. A process for producing recycled or renewable hydrocarbons, the method comprising:
(x) purifying the recycled or renewable organic material as claimed in claim 1 ; and
(y) subjecting the purified recycled or renewable organic material to an oil refinery conversion process, wherein the oil refinery conversion process includes altering a molecular weight of the feed, removal of heteroatoms from the feed, altering a degree of saturation of the feed, rearranging the molecular structure of the feed, or any combination thereof to obtain at least one recycled or renewable hydrocarbon.
26. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is hydrocracking.
27. A process as claimed in claim 26 , wherein step (y) is performed in a mild hydrocracking (MHC) refinery unit.
28. A process as claimed in claim 26 , wherein step (y) is performed in a presence of a hydrocracking catalyst.
29. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is steamcracking.
30. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is isomerization.
31. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is hydrotreating.
32. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is thermal catalytic cracking.
33. A process as claimed in claim 25 , wherein step (y) is fluid catalytic cracking.