Magnetoelastic resonator and method of manufacturing same

1. A resonator, comprising:

a magnetoelastic body having a mass load portion and an active resonating portion; and

a mass at the mass load portion of the magnetoelastic body,

wherein displacement of the magnetoelastic body is configured to occur at both the mass load portion and the active resonating portion, and

wherein a strain at the active resonating portion during displacement is configured to be greater than a strain at the mass load portion during displacement, wherein a size of the mass is correlated with a size of the magnetoelastic body, wherein the size of the mass is at least partially dependent on a mass add ratio, the mass add ratio being equal to M add /M 0 , wherein

M add =4* t m *L m *w*ρ

wherein,

M 0 =t b *L b *w*ρ

and wherein t m is a thickness of the mass, L m is a length of the mass, w is a width of the mass, ρ is a density of the magnetoelastic body, t b is a thickness of the magnetoelastic body, and L b is a length of the magnetoelastic body.

2. The resonator of claim 1 , wherein a length of the magnetoelastic body is in a range from 8.25 mm to 12.5 mm, inclusive.

3. The resonator of claim 1 , wherein the size of the mass is at least partially dependent on a miniaturization factor of the magnetoelastic body.

4. The resonator of claim 3 , wherein the miniaturization factor is a length of an unloaded magnetoelastic body configured to have an unloaded resonant frequency divided by a length of the magnetoelastic body configured to have a loaded resonant frequency that is within 1 kHz of the unloaded resonant frequency.

5. The resonator of claim 4 , wherein the miniaturization factor is in a range from 1.5 to 4.2, inclusive.

6. The resonator of claim 4 , wherein a thickness of the mass or an area of the mass load portion increases as the miniaturization factor increases.

7. The resonator of claim 4 , wherein the unloaded resonant frequency is between 50 kHz and 60 kHz, inclusive.

8. The resonator of claim 3 , wherein the miniaturization factor is at least partially dependent on a width of the active resonating portion and a width of the mass.

9. The resonator of claim 8 , wherein the width of the mass is equal to a width of the mass load portion.

10. The resonator of claim 1 , wherein the mass is a separate mass element coupled to the magnetoelastic body at the mass load portion.

11. The resonator of claim 10 , wherein the separate mass element provides a DC magnetic bias.

12. The resonator of claim 10 , further comprising a second separate mass element in addition to the first separate mass element.

13. The resonator of claim 12 , wherein the first separate mass element is coupled to a first end of the magnetoelastic body and the second separate mass element is coupled to a second end of the magnetoelastic body, with the active resonating portion located between the first separate mass element and the second separate mass element.

14. The resonator of claim 10 , wherein the separate mass element extends through an anchoring perforation in the magnetoelastic body.

15. The resonator of claim 1 , wherein the active resonating portion includes one or more internal resonating ribbons separated by a plurality of longitudinal slots.

16. The resonator of claim 15 , wherein a transverse slot joins to one or more of the longitudinal slots of the plurality of longitudinal slots.

17. A resonator, comprising:

a magnetoelastic body having a mass load portion and an active resonating portion; and

a mass at the mass load portion of the magnetoelastic body,

wherein displacement of the magnetoelastic body is configured to occur at both the mass load portion and the active resonating portion, and

wherein a strain at the active resonating portion during displacement is configured to be greater than a strain at the mass load portion during displacement, wherein the mass is a separate mass element coupled to the magnetoelastic body at the mass load portion, and further comprising a second separate mass element in addition to the first separate mass element, wherein the first separate mass element is coupled to a first end of the magnetoelastic body and the second separate mass element is coupled to a second end of the magnetoelastic body, with the active resonating portion located between the first separate mass element and the second separate mass element, wherein a third separate mass element is coupled to the first end of the magnetoelastic body, on an opposite side of the magnetoelastic body as the first separate mass element, and wherein a fourth separate mass element is coupled to the second end of the magnetoelastic body, on the opposite side of the magnetoelastic body as the second separate mass element.

18. A security tag, comprising:

a housing; and

a resonator, the resonator comprising:

a magnetoelastic body having a mass load portion and an active resonating portion; and

a mass at the mass load portion of the magnetoelastic body,

wherein displacement of the magnetoelastic body is configured to occur at both the mass load portion and the active resonating portion, and

wherein a strain at the active resonating portion during displacement is configured to be greater than a strain at the mass load portion during displacement,

the resonator being located in the housing, wherein the resonator is not anchored to the housing.

19. A method of manufacturing a resonator, comprising the steps of:

correlating a size of a mass with a size of a magnetoelastic body, wherein the size of the mass is at least partially dependent on a miniaturization factor of the magnetoelastic body, wherein the miniaturization factor is a length of an unloaded magnetoelastic body configured to have an unloaded resonant frequency divided by a length of the magnetoelastic body configured to have a loaded resonant frequency that is within 1 kHz of the unloaded resonant frequency; and

coupling the mass to the magnetoelastic body at a mass load portion of the magnetoelastic body.