Reduced precipitation rate nozzle
A nozzle is provided having a low precipitation rate and uniform fluid distribution to a desired arcuate span of coverage. The nozzle has an inflow port having a shape corresponding to the desired arc of coverage and a size for effecting a low precipitation rate. The nozzle also has a deflector surface with a water distribution profile including ribs for subdividing the fluid into multiple sets of fluid streams. There are at least two fluid streams for distant and close-in irrigation to provide relatively uniform distribution and coverage. The nozzle may be a unitary, one-piece, molded nozzle body including a mounting portion, an inflow port, and a deflector portion.
1. A nozzle comprising:
an inlet having a predetermined cross-section and configured to receive fluid from a fluid source;
a deflector defining a plurality of flutes arranged in a predetermined arcuate span, the plurality of flutes contoured to deliver fluid radially outwardly from the nozzle in an irrigation pattern corresponding to the predetermined arcuate span;
the plurality of flutes including a first boundary flute and a second boundary flute disposed at first and second ends of the deflector and distributing fluid to two boundary edges of the irrigation pattern;
a plate spaced downstream of the inlet and upstream of the deflector, the plate defining a port therethrough, the port having a cross-sectional area less than an inlet cross-sectional area and having a cross-sectional shape corresponding to a shape of the predetermined arcuate span; and
one or more first air vents disposed at the first end of the deflector; and
one or more second air vents disposed at the second end of the deflector.
2. The nozzle of claim 1 , further comprising:
a boundary wall extending between the plate and the deflector and defining the first and second boundary edges of the irrigation pattern.
3. The nozzle of claim 2 , further comprising a distal wall relative to the inlet, the distal wall being radially outward of the deflector, the one or more first air vents and the one or more second air vents extending through the distal wall.
4. The nozzle of claim 3 , wherein at least one air vent of the one or more first air vents is disposed to provide air flow between fluid streams exiting the first boundary flute and the boundary wall.
5. The nozzle of claim 4 , wherein at least one air vent of the one or more second air vents is disposed to provide air flow between fluid streams exiting the second boundary flute and the boundary wall.
6. The nozzle of claim 2 , further comprising:
a rear wall parallel to the boundary wall and extending radially outwardly from the first and second ends of the deflector.
7. The nozzle of claim 6 , wherein the rear wall is offset from the boundary wall a predetermined minimum distance.
8. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of flutes includes at least one non-boundary flute between the first boundary flute and the second boundary flute, and
cross-sections of the first boundary flute and the second boundary flute are each approximately half that of the at least one non-boundary flute.
9. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the cross-sectional shape of the port is oblong and is defined by at least two arcuate segments with different radii.
10. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the inlet, the deflector, and the plate are collectively part of a unitary, one-piece nozzle body.
11. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined arcuate span defines substantially 180 degrees.
12. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the inlet is defined by a mounting portion of the nozzle configured for mounting to the fluid source.
13. The nozzle of claim 1 , further comprising:
a transition surface projecting from a boundary wall extending between the plate and the deflector, the transition surface intermediate of the port and the deflector and guiding flow directed through the port to the plurality of flutes.
14. The nozzle of claim 13 , wherein the transition surface is generally conical in shape having a vertex extending toward the port, the transition surface expanding into smoothly curved sides having increasing curvature in a direction toward the deflector.
15. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of flutes are configured to subdivide fluid into a plurality of fluid streams with at least three different elevations.
16. The nozzle of claim 15 , wherein the deflector includes a plurality of ribs arranged radially to define the plurality of flutes therebetween, each rib including at least two micro-ramps formed therealong to direct the plurality of fluid streams to at least two different elevations.