Chemically ligated RNAs for CRISPR/Cas9-1gRNA complexes as antiviral therapeutic agents
Provided herein are chemically ligated guide RNA oligonucleotides (lgRNA) which comprise two functional RNA modules (crgRNA and tracrgRNA) joined by non-nucleotide chemical linkers (nNt-linker), their complexes with CRISPR-Cas9, preparation methods of Cas9-lgRNA complexes, and their uses for prevention and treatments of herpesvirus infections in humans. Also disclosed are processes and methods for preparation of these compounds.
1. A method of cleaving a herpesvirus linear DNA, episomal DNA and DNA chromosomally integrated into the genome of a host cell, including the steps of:
a) treating the host cell infected with herpesviruses with a composition comprising a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease, and at least one lgRNA having a spacer sequence that is complementary to a target sequence in a herpesvirus genome; and
b) cleaving said herpesvirus linear DNA, episomal DNA and integrated DNA, wherein said lgRNA comprises one or more internal non-nucleotide linkers.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one lgRNA comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 75% to one sequence selected from the group comprising SEQ ID NOs: 51-57.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said lgRNA further comprises short peptide motifs of nuclear localization signals targeting nucleus, and said short peptide motifs are attached at its 5′- and/or 3′-end, and/or ligation sites of said lgRNA.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said lgRNA further comprises small molecular ligands, and said small molecular ligands are attached at 5′- and/or 3′-end, and/or ligation sites of said lgRNA.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said lgRNA comprises a spacer in crgRNA selected from sequences in the sense strand (5′→3′) of herpesvirus genomes, and namely its RNA transcript, or the antisense strand (5′→3′) of said herpesvirus genome, and namely its antisense RNA transcript.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises at least two lgRNAs, for contacting and cleaving the target sequence(s) in herpesvirus genome.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one lgRNA comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 75% to one or more target sequences from the RS1 gene or a conserved homolog thereof in HSV-1 and HSV-2.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one lgRNA comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 75% to one or more target sequences from the UL30 gene or a conserved homolog thereof in HSV-1 and HSV-2.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one lgRNA comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 75% to one or more target sequences from the RL1 gene or a conserved homolog thereof in HSV-1 and HSV-2.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one lgRNA comprises a nucleic acid sequence complementary to a target nucleic acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 75% to one or more target sequence from the UL5 and UL54 genes or a conserved homolog thereof in HSV-1 and HSV-2.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises mixtures of lgRNAs with various spacers targeting different loci of target herpesvirus genome, and/or to variants of a single locus of target herpesvirus genome.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises cationic lipids for therapeutic delivery to animal or human cells.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) for therapeutic delivery to animal or human cells.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises transfecting agents for therapeutic delivery to host human cells.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises at least one CRISPR-associated-proteins.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises recombinant engineered Cas9 protein.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition is used in combination with direct antiviral agents.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said composition is used in combination with direct antiviral agents selected from acyclovir, ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, famciclovir, valganciclovir, and valaciclovir.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said CRISPR-associated endonuclease is replaced with a nucleic acid sequence encoding the said endonuclease.
20. A kit for the treatment of herpesvirus infection, including a measured amount of a composition comprising at least one isolated nucleic acid sequence encoding a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease or CRISPR endonuclease, and at least one lgRNA, wherein each of said one or more lgRNAs includes a spacer sequence complementary to a target sequence of a herpesvirus DNA, and one or more items selected from the group consisting of packaging material, a package insert comprising instructions for use, a sterile fluid, a syringe and a sterile container.
21. A method of eliminating linear viral DNA, episomal DNA and integrated viral DNA from ex vivo cultured host cells infected with herpesvirus, including the steps of:
a) obtaining a population of host cells latently from a patient infected with herpesvirus;
b) culturing the host cells ex vivo;
c) treating the host cells with a composition comprising a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease, and at least one lgRNA having a spacer sequence that is complementary to a target sequence in said herpesvirus DNA;
d) cleaving said herpesvirus genome;
e) infusing the herpesvirus-eliminated cell population into the patient; and
f) treating the patient.
22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein said step of obtaining a population of host cells is further defined as obtaining a population of sensory neurons.