Conductive yarn/sewing thread, smart fabric, and garment made therefrom
A conductive composite yarn having: a) a core formed of at least one metallic strand of 40 or higher gauge which is electrically conductive; b) at least one inner cover wrapped around the core in a first direction at a rate sufficient to provide substantially complete coverage of the core by the inner cover, wherein the inner cover is a natural or synthetic yarn; c) at least one outer cover wrapped around the at least one inner cover, wherein the outer cover is wrapped in a second direction opposite to a direction of a cover layer on which the outer cover is directly wrapped, at a rate sufficient to provide substantially complete cover of the cover layer on which the outer cover is directly wrapped; d) at least one bonding agent applied onto the at least one outer cover; and e) optionally, a lubricant. a conductive composite sewing thread therefrom, and use of the yarn/sewing thread in production of smart fabrics or smart garments having electrical segments, patterns, or grids therein.
1. A conductive composite yarn comprising:
a) a core formed of at least one strand of copper of 40 or higher gauge, and a stainless steel wire having a diameter of 1-2 mil;
b) at least one inner cover wrapped around the core in a first direction at a rate sufficient to provide substantially complete coverage of the core by the at least one inner cover, wherein the at least one inner cover is a natural or synthetic yarn;
c) at least one outer cover wrapped around the at least one inner cover, wherein the outer cover is wrapped in a second direction opposite to a direction of the at least one inner cover on which the at least one outer cover is directly wrapped, at a rate sufficient to provide substantially complete cover of the at least one inner cover layer on which the at least one outer cover is directly wrapped;
d) at least one bonding agent applied onto the at least one outer cover; and
e) optionally, a lubricant,
wherein the conductive composite yarn is configured to be sewn using a commercial grade bobbin type sewing machine; and
wherein the conductive composite yarn has a first end and a second end, and one or more leads attached at each end.
2. The conductive composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein the at least one copper wire strand is a 42 gauge copper wire.
3. The conductive composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein the at least one copper wire strand is a 44 gauge copper wire.
4. The conductive composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein said core comprises two 40 or higher gauge copper wires.
5. The conductive composite yarn of claim 4 , wherein the two copper wires are each of 44 gauge.
6. The conductive composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein said at least one outer cover is formed of at least one strand of a yarn selected from the group consisting of nylon and polyester yarns.
7. The conductive composite yarn according to claim 1 , wherein said core further comprises fiberglass having a denier of from 100 to 300.
8. The conductive composite yarn according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive composite yarn has a composite denier of from 400 to 700.
9. The conductive composite yarn according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive composite yarn has a composite denier of from 500 to 600.
10. The conductive composite yarn according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive composite yarn includes the lubricant, and wherein the lubricant is a composition comprising silicone and paraffin.
11. A fabric having a conductive segment, pattern or grid, comprising:
a knit or woven fabric, and
a segment, pattern or grid formed on the fabric by sewing the conductive composite yarn of claim 1 into the fabric to form the segment, pattern or grid.
12. A garment having a conductive segment, pattern or grid, formed from the fabric of claim 11 .
13. A garment having a conductive segment, pattern or grid, comprising:
a garment comprising a fabric, and
a segment, pattern or grid formed on the garment by sewing the conductive composite yarn of claim 1 into the fabric to form the segment, pattern or grid.
14. The conductive composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inner cover provides sufficient coverage of the core that upon sewing in a manner where the conductive composite yarn crosses itself, a short circuit or other electrical fault is avoided.