Electrophotographic member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
The present invention provides an electrophotographic member having excellent deformation recovery even when stored or used under a high temperature and high humidity environment, which is useful in forming a high-quality electrophotographic image; a process cartridge; and an electrophotographic apparatus. The electrophotographic member of the present invention includes a conductive mandrel and an electro-conductive layer; the electro-conductive layer including a resin synthesized from an ion conducting agent and a compound being able to react with the ion conducting agent; the ion conducting agent including a specific anion and a cation having at least three hydroxyl groups; the compound being able to react with the hydroxyl group.
1. An electrophotographic member, comprising:
an electro-conductive mandrel; and
an electro-conductive layer, the electro-conductive layer comprising an anion and a resin;
the anion being at least one member selected from the group consisting of a fluorinated sulfonate anion, a fluorinated carboxylate anion, a fluorinated sulfonylimide anion, a fluorinated sulfonylmethide anion, a dicyanamide anion, a fluorinated alkylfluoroborate anion, a fluorinated phosphate anion, a fluorinated antimonate anion, a fluorinated arsenate anion, and bis(oxalato)borate anion; and
the resin having a cationic structure that bonds to a polymer chain of the resin at three or more sites, the cationic structure being selected from the group consisting of formulae (6) to (13)
where R 13 represents a hydrocarbylene group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and may include an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and
X 5 to X 7 independently represent a structure including a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond;
where R 14 represents a hydrocarbylene group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, optionally including an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom,
R 15 and R 16 independently represent (a) a hydrogen atom (b) a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or (c) a structure comprising a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond, and
Y 5 is formulae (14) or formula (15), provided that R 16 is absent when the nitrogen atom has a double bond
where A 1 and A 2 independently represent a hydrocarbon group or an alkylene ether group, and X 17 to X 20 independently represent a structure comprising a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond;
where R 17 represents a hydrocarbylene group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, optionally including an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom,
R 18 represents one of (a) to (c), and
Y 6 and Y 7 independently represent one member selected from the group consisting of formulae (14) and (15);
where R 19 represents a hydrocarbylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and may comprise a hetero atom,
R 20 and R 22 independently represent formula (14), formula (15) or a structure including a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond,
R 21 represents one of (a) to (c), and
Z 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
where X 8 to X 10 independently represent a structure comprising a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond, and
R 23 represents one of (a) to (c);
where X 11 is a structure comprising a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond,
Y 8 is formula (14) or formula (15), and
R 24 and R 25 independently represent one of (a) to (c);
where X 12 to X 14 independently represent a structure comprising a portion bonding to a resin through a bond selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, an ester bond and a urethane bond; and
where Y 9 is formula (14) or formula (15), and
R 26 and R 27 independently represent one of (a) to (c).
2. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structures of formulae (6)-(8) comprise a cyclic structure
3. The electrophotographic member according to claim 2 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, R 2 represents H and R 4 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH, or
R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 4 represents H.
4. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein formulae (6)-(8) comprise
5. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 3 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH, or
R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH and R 3 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH.
6. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structures of the formulae (6)-(8) comprise
7. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 3 represents H, or
R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH and R 3 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH.
8. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein formulae (6)-(8) comprise
9. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH and R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH.
10. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein formulae (6)-(8) have a following comprise
11. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, and R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH.
12. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 3 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH, or
R 1 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH, R 2 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 3 represents CH 2 CH 2 OH.
13. The electrophotographic member according to claim 1 , wherein the cationic structure is derived from a compound comprising
where R 1 to R 4 represent CH 2 OH, or
R 1 to R 3 represent CH 2 OH and R 4 represents CH 2 CHOHCH 2 OH.
14. A process cartridge comprising at least one of a charging member and a developing member, the charging member or developing member being the electrophotographic member according to claim 1 and being adapted to be detachably attached to a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus.
15. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging member and a developing member; the charging member or the developing member being the electrophotographic member according to claim 1 .