Systems for shielding bent signal lines
Systems for shielding bent signal lines provide ways to couple different antenna arrays for radio frequency (RF) integrated circuits (ICs) (RFICs) associated therewith where the antenna arrays are oriented in different directions. Because the antenna arrays are oriented in different directions, the antenna structures containing the antennas may be arranged in different planes, and signal lines extending therebetween may include a bend. To prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) or electromagnetic crosstalk (EMC) from negatively impacting signals on the signal lines, the signal lines may be shielded. The shields may further include vias connecting the mesh ground planes and positioned exteriorly of the signal lines. The density of the vias may be varied to provide a desired rigidity in planes containing the antenna arrays while providing a desired flexibility at a desired bending location in the signal lines to help bending process accuracy.
1. An antenna module comprising:
a passive rigid flex antenna structure comprising:
a first portion, comprising:
substrate antenna layers disposed in a first plane and comprising an antenna array comprising one or more antenna elements; and
substrate metallization layers including one or more interconnect layers; and
a signal line structure comprising:
a first metal layer comprising a bottom mesh ground plane;
a first dielectric layer positioned on the first metal layer;
a second metal layer comprising a plurality of signal lines, the second metal layer positioned on the first dielectric layer, the plurality of signal lines coupled to at least a portion of the substrate metallization layers;
a second dielectric layer positioned on the second metal layer;
a third metal layer comprising a top mesh ground plane, the third metal layer positioned on the second dielectric layer; and
a plurality of vias coupling the first metal layer to at least the second metal layer; and
an active module positioned on the first portion, the active module comprising:
a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (IC) (RFIC) transceiver circuit coupled to at least a portion of the substrate metallization layers.
2. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the bottom mesh structure comprises a diamond-shaped mesh.
3. The antenna module of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises three signal lines.
4. The antenna module of claim 2 integrated into a device selected from the group consisting of: a settop box; an entertainment unit; a navigation device; a communications device; a fixed location data unit; a mobile location data unit; a global positioning system (GPS) device; a mobile phone; a cellular phone; a smart phone; a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone; a tablet; a phablet; a server; a computer; a portable computer; a mobile computing device; a wearable computing device; a desktop computer; a personal digital assistant (PDA); a monitor; a computer monitor; a television; a tuner; a radio; a satellite radio; a music player; a digital music player; a portable music player; a digital video player; a video player; a digital video disc (DVD) player; a portable digital video player; an automobile; a vehicle component; avionics systems; a drone; and a multicopter.
5. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises three signal lines.
6. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of vias is positioned exteriorly of the plurality of signal lines.
7. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises a first portion in a first plane and a second portion in a second plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first portion connected to the second portion by a bend portion.
8. The antenna module of claim 7 , wherein vias in the bend portion are provided at a first density and vias in the second portion are provided at a second density greater than the first density.
9. The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising a bottom dielectric layer positioned beneath the first metal layer.
10. The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising a top dielectric layer positioned on top of the third metal layer.
11. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the first dielectric layer comprises a polyimide film and a resin.
12. The antenna module of claim 11 , wherein the resin comprises one of an organic compound or a polymer.
13. The antenna module of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises a first portion in a first plane and a second portion in a second plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first portion connected to the second portion by a bend portion.
14. The antenna module of claim 13 , wherein vias in the bend portion are provided at a first density and vias in the second portion are provided at a second density greater than the first density.
15. The antenna module of claim 11 , wherein at least one via extends from the first metal layer to the third metal layer.
16. The antenna module of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of vias comprises a first set of vias extending from the first metal layer to the second metal layer and a second set of vias extending from the second metal layer to the third metal layer, wherein the first set of vias is offset longitudinally relative to the second set of vias.
17. The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third dielectric layer positioned on the third metal layer; and
a fourth metal layer comprising a second plurality of signal lines, the fourth metal layer positioned on the third dielectric layer.
18. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises two signal lines.
19. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the top mesh ground plane covers at least fifty percent (50%) of the second dielectric layer.
20. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the top mesh ground plane covers approximately one hundred percent (100%) of the second dielectric layer.
21. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the signal line structure has a first portion and a second portion, wherein the second portion is wider than the first portion.
22. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the layers of the signal line structure form a laminate structure.
23. The antenna module of claim 1 , integrated into an integrated circuit (IC).
24. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the passive rigid flex antenna structure further comprises a second portion comprising second substrate antenna layers coupled to the plurality of signal lines.
25. The antenna module of claim 24 , wherein the plurality of signal lines comprises a first line portion in the first plane and a second line portion in a second plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first line portion connected to the second line portion by a bend portion.
26. The antenna module of claim 25 , wherein vias in the bend portion are provided at a first density and vias in the second line portion are provided at a second density greater than the first density.
27. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein at least one via extends from the first metal layer to the third metal layer.
28. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of vias comprises a first set of vias extending from the first metal layer to the second metal layer and a second set of vias extending from the second metal layer to the third metal layer, wherein the first set of vias is offset longitudinally relative to the second set of vias.
29. The antenna module of claim 1 integrated into a device selected from the group consisting of: a set top box; an entertainment unit; a navigation device; a communications device; a fixed location data unit; a mobile location data unit; a global positioning system (GPS) device; a mobile phone; a cellular phone; a smart phone; a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone; a tablet; a phablet; a server; a computer; a portable computer; a mobile computing device; a wearable computing device; a desktop computer; a personal digital assistant (PDA); a monitor; a computer monitor; a television; a tuner; a radio; a satellite radio; a music player; a digital music player; a portable music player; a digital video player; a video player; a digital video disc (DVD) player; a portable digital video player; an automobile; a vehicle component; avionics systems; a drone; and a multicopter.