Stacked-helical gas separator with gas discharge outlet
A wellbore gas separator having a pair of helical ramps. The separator ingests a liquid-gas solution, and a pump draws the solution into a first course between the pair of ramps. As centrifugal force is imparted upon the solution prior to the pump inlet, gas is forced out of solution. The liquid portions of the solution may fall into a dead space prior to the pump inlet. Gaseous portions enter into a second course between the pair of ramps and escapes, unimpeded, up the separator before being released into an annulus of a wellbore.
1. A separator apparatus for use within a wellbore, comprising:
a first tube having an inlet port, wherein the first tube is in communication with a pump;
a housing, surrounding the first tube to form a first annular region, the housing comprising a first outer port and a second outer port which are configured to allow fluid communication between the first annular region and a second annular region defined outside of the housing;
a first helical ramp disposed within the first annular region, the first helical ramp defining a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is proximate the first outer port; and
a second helical ramp disposed within the first annular region, the second helical ramp defining a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is proximate the first outer port;
wherein the first annular region is defined by:
a first flow path, beginning at the first outer port, which is bounded in part by the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp;
a second flow path which begins at the second end of the second helical ramp and is bounded in part by the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp and ends at the second outer port; and
a third flow path, which is bounded in part by the first helical ramp and ends at the inner port.
2. The separator apparatus of claim 1 in which the second flow path has a smaller vertical clearance than the first flow path.
3. The separator apparatus of claim 1 in which the wellbore comprises an uphole end, and wherein:
the first flow path extends in a direction away from the uphole end to the second end of the second helical ramp; and
the second flow path extends in an uphole direction.
4. The separator apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second flow path comprises one or more tubular channels, parallel to and separated from the tube.
5. The separator apparatus of claim 4 in which the first helical ramp extends from the tube to the housing.
6. The separator apparatus of claim 1 in which a vertical distance between the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp bounding the first flow path is smaller proximate the second end of the second helical ramp than proximate the first end of the second helical ramp.
7. A system, comprising:
a separator for use within a wellbore, comprising:
an inner longitudinal tube having a tube port;
a first helical ramp attached to an outer surface of the inner longitudinal tube;
a second helical ramp attached to an outer surface of the inner longitudinal tube;
wherein the first helical ramp and second helical ramp form:
a first helical course disposed about the longitudinal tube and bounded by the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp; and
a second helical course disposed about the longitudinal tube and bounded by the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp;
wherein the second helical course and first helical course meet at an opening proximate an end of the second helical ramp; and
wherein the tube port is disposed beyond an end of the first helical ramp; and
a housing having a hollow internal section, the housing configured to be disposed within a wellbore such that an annular region is formed between the housing and the wellbore, the housing defining a first port between the annular region and the hollow internal section and a second port between the annular region and the hollow internal section;
wherein the separator is configured for installation within a casing, such that the first helical course, second helical course, and tube port are all on a single side of both the first port and the second port; and
wherein the separator further comprises one or more longitudinally extending channels in communication with the second helical course, in which the one or more longitudinally extending channels are interposed between the second helical course and the second port.
8. The separator of claim 7 in which the first helical course has a greater longitudinal spacing between the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp than the second helical course.
9. The separator of claim 7 in which a longitudinal spacing between the first helical ramp and the second helical ramp varies along the longitudinal tube.
10. The system of claim 7 in which the system is configured to:
ingest a gas-liquid solution at the first port;
separate a gaseous stream from the gas-liquid solution along the first helical course; and
expel the gaseous stream through the second helical course to the second port.