Hydroxyethyl cellulose derived from biomass and use of hydroxyethyl cellulose in brine treatment
The hydroxyethyl cellulose derived from biomass is made by preparing a biomass by extracting resins and waxes, acid leaching, and alkali treatment to obtain a cellulose-rich residue, and then bleaching the cellulose-rich residue, followed by hydroxyethylation of the cellulose to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose. The use of hydroxyethyl cellulose in brine treatment include reacting concentrated brine and hydroxyethyl cellulose with an effluent gas stream to capture CO 2 and reduce salinity of the concentrated brine. The reduced salinity brine may then be useful for enhanced oil recovery methods.
1. A method of making hydroxyethyl cellulose derived from biomass, comprising the steps of:
providing a biomass, wherein the biomass is selected from the group consisting of plant waste biomass and date palm waste;
extracting the biomass to produce an extractive-free biomass;
acid leaching the extractive-free biomass to obtain a cellulose/lignin-rich residue;
alkali treating the cellulose/lignin-rich residue with sodium hydroxide to produce a cellulose-rich residue;
bleaching the cellulose-rich residue to obtain bleached cellulose, wherein the bleaching at 75° C. with 15 wt. % acetic acid, 20 wt. % hydrogen peroxide, and 10 wt. % sulfuric acid; and
hydroxyethylating the bleached cellulose using 7.5 wt. % sodium hydroxide and 11 wt. % aqueous urea to produce alkaline hydroxyethyl cellulose.
2. The method of making hydroxyethyl cellulose of claim 1 , wherein said step of extracting the biomass comprises extracting the biomass with benzene/ethanol (2:1) solvent in a Soxhlet extractor for at least 5 hours.
3. The method of making hydroxyethyl cellulose of claim 1 , wherein said step of acid leaching the extractive-free biomass comprises acid leaching the extractive free biomass with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid at 100° C. for at least 2 hours.
4. The method of making hydroxyethyl cellulose of claim 1 , wherein said step of alkali treating the cellulose/lignin-rich residue comprises alkali treating cellulose/lignin-rich residue with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide of 100° C. for at least 2 hours.