Use of an integrated microfluidic chip for analysis of cell motility and prediction and prognosis of patient survival
The present invention describes an integrated apparatus that enables identification of invasive tumor cells directly from a specimen. The methods using the apparatus can be used to prognose or predict the survivability of the cancer in a subject and the risk of recurrence of the cancer in the subject after treatment. The methods disclosed herein can be used to determine which chemotherapeutic or other therapies most strongly inhibit the tumor cells invasiveness as a form of personalized therapy.
1. A method for identifying the invasiveness of at least one cancer cell in a sample, the method comprising:
a) obtaining the at least one cancer cell from the sample;
b) incubating the at least one cancer cell for a period time sufficient to allow the at least one cancer cell to seed at the base of a migratory channel of an integrative microfluidic apparatus;
c) imaging, by an imaging system, the at least one cancer cell in the integrative microfluidic apparatus for a period of time sufficient to allow migration of migratory cancer cells of the at least one cancer cell through the migratory channel; and
d) determining a respective cancer cell of the at least one cancer cell is invasive when the respective cancer cell migrates through the migratory channel of the integrative microfluidic apparatus, wherein the migratory channel comprises:
a body segment having sufficiently reduced dimensions so as to allow only one migratory cancer cell of the at least one cancer cell to enter into a first end of the migratory channel at a time, and
a first branch and a second branch extending from a second end of the body segment, wherein the first branch and the second branch each have respective widths, and wherein the width of the first branch is different than the width of the second branch, wherein the second end of the body segment and the first and second branches meet at the bifurcation point of the migratory channel, and wherein the respective migratory cancer cell migrates through the migratory channel by entering the first end of the migratory channel and passing through the bifurcation point of the migratory channel to enter the first branch or the second branch.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is from a subject.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the subject has glioblastoma multiforme.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the at least one migratory cancer cell identified as being invasive.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step d), the at least one migratory cancer cell is invasive when the at least one cancer cell migrates through the migratory channel of the integrative microfluidic apparatus comprising the body segment and into one or more of the outlet ends of the integrative microfluidic apparatus.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step d), the at least one migratory cancer cell is invasive when the at least one cancer cell migrates through the migratory channel of the integrative microfluidic apparatus comprising the body segment and exited out of the one or more of the outlet ends of the integrative microfluidic apparatus.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one migratory cancer cell are imaged for 6 to 12 hours.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cancer cell is imaged using a method selected from the group consisting of phase contrast, brightfield, differential interference contrast, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy and in-line holography.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first and the second branches of the migratory channel are connected to the body segment of the migratory channel at a bifurcation of the migration channel.