Display apparatus including hydrophobic blocking layer on through portion and method of manufacturing the same
A display apparatus includes: a substrate including: a display area including a plurality of thin film transistors, and a plurality of display elements electrically connected to the plurality of thin film transistors; a first non-display area outside the display area; and a second non-display area at least partially surrounded by the display area; a through portion passing through the substrate in a vertical direction in the second non-display area; a metal layer surrounding the through portion at the second non-display area; and a hydrophobic blocking layer on an inner side surface of the through portion. The hydrophobic blocking layer includes an oxide of a metal material of the metal layer.
1. A display apparatus comprising:
a substrate comprising:
a display area comprising a plurality of thin film transistors, and a plurality of display elements electrically connected to the plurality of thin film transistors;
a first non-display area outside the display area; and
a second non-display area at least partially surrounded by the display area;
a through portion passing through the substrate in a vertical direction in the second non-display area;
a metal layer surrounding the through portion at the second non-display area; and
a hydrophobic blocking layer on an inner side surface of the through portion,
wherein the hydrophobic blocking layer comprises an oxide of a metal material of an exposed end of the metal layer at the inner side surface of the through portion.
2. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic blocking layer is integral with the metal layer.
3. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the metal layer comprises at least one of indium, zinc, gallium, zirconium, copper, or titanium.
4. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a first base layer, a first barrier layer, a second base layer, and a second barrier layer that are sequentially stacked, and
the hydrophobic blocking layer covers a lateral surface of the second base layer that is exposed through the through portion.
5. A display apparatus comprising:
a substrate comprising:
a display area comprising a plurality of thin film transistors, and a plurality of display elements electrically connected to the plurality of thin film transistors;
a first non-display area outside the display area; and
a second non-display area at least partially surrounded by the display area;
a through portion passing through the substrate in a vertical direction in the second non-display area;
a metal layer surrounding the through portion at the second non-display area; and
a hydrophobic blocking layer on an inner side surface of the through portion,
wherein the hydrophobic blocking layer comprises an oxide of a metal material of the metal layer, and
wherein the hydrophobic blocking layer comprises a nano-structure comprising pores in an inside portion and a surface of the hydrophobic blocking layer.
6. The display apparatus of claim 5 , further comprising a surfactant layer on the hydrophobic blocking layer,
wherein the surfactant layer comprises at least one of stearic acid, oleic acid, or fluorosilane.
7. The display apparatus of claim 6 , wherein surfactants of the surfactant layer fill the pores.
8. The display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an inner dam surrounding the through portion at the second non-display area,
wherein the metal layer is between the inner dam and the through portion.
9. The display apparatus of claim 8 , further comprising an encapsulation layer on the plurality of display elements, and comprising a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer that are sequentially stacked,
wherein:
the organic encapsulation layer is outside a region partitioned by the inner dam,
the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer extend to the through portion and directly contact each other between the inner dam and the through portion, and
the metal layer is on the second inorganic encapsulation layer.
10. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of display elements comprises a pixel electrode, an opposite electrode, and an intermediate layer,
wherein:
the pixel electrode is on a planarization layer, the opposite electrode is over the pixel electrode, and the intermediate layer is between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode,
at least one layer of the intermediate layer and the opposite electrode extend to the second non-display area, and
the hydrophobic blocking layer covers lateral surfaces of the at least one layer of the intermediate layer and the opposite electrode exposed by the through portion.