Antibody for skewing sex ratio and methods of use thereof
A purified antibody, or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, is provided that binds selectively to a protein specific to an X-chromosome of a mammalian sperm cell. The sperm cell protein includes an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 9-16. The antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof may be derived by immunization of a host by an antigenic peptide composition including one or more natural or synthetic antigenic peptide sequences set forth as SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, and SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 9-16. The antibody finds utility in identifying an X-chromosome bearing sperm cell population, and in methods for skewing a sex ratio in mammals. Embodiments of the subject antibodies referred to herein as anti-GX1-E protein antibody and anti-GX1-M protein antibody have the ATCC Patent Deposit Designations PTA-125897 and PTA-125898, having been deposited on Apr. 2, 2019.
1. A purified antibody that binds selectively to a mammalian X-chromosome-bearing sperm cell peptide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:4 and 9-16, or a sequence having at least 85% homology thereto, the antibody deposited under American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) accession numbers PTA-125897 and/or PTA-125898.
2. A composition for skewing a sex ratio in non-human mammalian offspring by an artificial insemination procedure, comprising:
a mixed population of mammalian sperm cells including X-chromosome-bearing sperm cells and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm cells; and
a purified antibody according to claim 1 , or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
3. The composition of claim 2 , further wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof binds selectively to at least one antigenic sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, and SEQ ID NO: 3.
4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is conjugated to an inhibitory substance that prevents the bound sperm cells from fertilizing an oocyte.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the inhibitory substance is selected from the group consisting of a chemical agent, a pharmaceutical agent, and a cytotoxin.
6. A method for skewing a sex ratio in non-human mammalian offspring via artificial insemination, comprising:
obtaining a sample of mammalian semen having a population of sperm cells including X-chromosome-bearing sperm cells and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm cells; and
contacting a neat or a diluted portion of the sample of semen and/or the population of sperm cells with an antibody according to claim 1 or an antigen-binding fragment thereof to provide a mixed population of sperm cells including a portion of sperm cells having the antibody or antigen-binding fragment bound thereto.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antibody is derived by immunization of a host by an antigenic peptide composition comprising a natural or a synthetic antigenic amino acid sequence selected from the group of sequences consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 4 and 9-16, or an antigenic sequence having at least 85% homology thereto.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the natural or synthetic antigenic amino acid sequence includes one or more sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, and SEQ ID NO: 3.
9. The method of claim 6 , further including fertilizing a non-human oocyte with at least a portion of the mixed population of sperm cells.
10. The method of claim 9 , further including separating sperm cells having the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof bound thereto from other sperm cells of the mixed population of sperm cells prior to the step of fertilizing to provide a Y-chromosome-enriched population of sperm cells for the step of fertilizing the oocyte.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the separating is performed by one or more of fluorescent-activated cell sorting, magnetic cell sorting, adherence to antibody-coated tubes, adherence to antibody-coated plates, adherence to antibody-coated beads, and combinations thereof.
12. The method of claim 6 , including obtaining the sample of semen from a mammal selected from the group consisting of bovines, equines, ovines, Cervidae, camelids, and porcines.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the mammal is one of Bos Taurus and Bos indicus, or a cross-breeding thereof.