Protective device, slope securing means as well as use of and method for producing the protective device

1. A protective device which is at least configured to be planarly spread over a surface, that is to be protected, and which is at least largely implemented of a plurality of synthetic fibers interconnected via force-fit connection and/or substance-to-substance bond and arranged in such a way that they form an essentially three-dimensional structuring, wherein at least a large portion of the synthetic fibers are at least largely biodegradable, wherein the synthetic fibers are polymer fibers and wherein the synthetic fibers form a three-dimensional random-fiber fabric having hollow spaces between a large portion of the synthetic fibers, wherein the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents a tension strength that is greater than 70 MPa, wherein when the synthetic fiber of the protective device has gone through an at least 500-hour radiation and weathering test in a weathering chamber, in which the synthetic fiber of the protective device has been subjected at least cyclically at least to a UV-light radiation and at least to a weathering by spray water, the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents a remaining tension strength of at least 66% of an initial strength of the synthetic fiber of the protective device in a non-weathered state.

2. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are implemented at least partially of a polylactide synthetic material (PLA).

3. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are implemented at least partially of a biodegradable synthetic material which differs from a polylactide synthetic material.

4. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are implemented at least partially of a spinnable blend of at least two biodegradable synthetic materials.

5. The protective device according to claim 4 , wherein at least one component of the spinnable blend is realized as a polylactide synthetic material, wherein a volume percentage of the polylactide synthetic material of the synthetic fibers implemented of the spinnable blend is at least 40%.

6. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are thermoplastically deformable.

7. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic fibers form a monofilament, random-fiber fabric.

8. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic fibers realize a nonwoven-material-like structure, which forms a three-dimensionally structured, closed surface plane.

9. The protective device according to claim 1 , further comprising a wire netting.

10. The protective device according to claim 9 , wherein the wire netting is implemented at least of helix-shaped longitudinal elements, which are braided with one another.

11. The protective device according to claim 9 , wherein the wire netting is braided with the synthetic fibers.

12. The protective device according to claim 11 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are connected with the wire netting by substance-to-substance bond.

13. The protective device according to claim 9 , wherein the wire netting has a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure.

14. The protective device according to one of claim 9 , wherein the wire netting comprises at least one wire which is implemented at least partly of a high-tensile steel.

15. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents a stretchability above 500%.

16. The protective device according to claim 15 , wherein, having gone through the at least 500-hour radiation and weathering test in the weathering chamber, in which the synthetic fiber of the protective device is exposed at least cyclically at least to the UV-light radiation and at least to the weathering by water, the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents in the expansion test a residual stretchability of at least 50% of an initial stretchability of the synthetic fiber of the protective device in the non-weathered state.

17. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein at least 10% of the synthetic fiber of the protective device biologically decomposes after a 2-year period.

18. The protective device according to claim 1 , wherein maximally 10% of the synthetic fiber of the protective device biologically decomposes or disintegrates after a period of 0.5 years.

19. A slope securing with a protective device according to claim 1 .

20. A usage of the protective device according to claim 1 with a seeding and/or a re-seeding of a slope-situated and/or erosion-prone, surface.

21. A method for producing a protective device according to claim 1 , comprising

providing synthetic fibers separately from one another, the synthetic fibers being biodegradable, and

connecting the synthetic fibers to one another by force-fit connection and/or substance-to-substance bond such that the at least largely biodegradable synthetic fibers form a mat-like structure with an essentially three-dimensional structuring.

22. The method according to claim 21 , further comprising

at least one further method step that precedes the structuring step, of arranging the at least largely biodegradable, randomly-oriented synthetic fibers layer-wise above and underneath a wire netting, and

the structuring step includes braiding the wire netting with the synthetic fibers.

23. A protective device which is at least configured to be planarly spread over a surface, that is to be protected, and which is at least largely implemented of a plurality of synthetic fibers interconnected via force-fit connection and/or substance-to-substance bond and arranged in such a way that they form an essentially three-dimensional structuring, wherein at least a large portion of the synthetic fibers are at least largely biodegradable, wherein the synthetic fibers are polymer fibers and wherein the synthetic fibers form a three-dimensional random-fiber fabric having hollow spaces between a large portion of the synthetic fibers, wherein the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents a stretchability above 500%, wherein, having gone through an at least 500-hour radiation and weathering test in a weathering chamber, in which the synthetic fiber of the protective device is exposed at least cyclically at least to a UV-light radiation and at least to a weathering by water, the synthetic fiber of the protective device presents in the expansion test a residual stretchability of at least 50% of an initial stretchability of the synthetic fiber of the protective device in a non-weathered state.

24. A protective device which is at least configured to be planarly spread over a surface, that is to be protected, and which is at least largely implemented of a plurality of synthetic fibers interconnected via force-fit connection and/or substance-to-substance bond and arranged in such a way that they form an essentially three-dimensional structuring, wherein at least a large portion of the synthetic fibers are at least largely biodegradable, wherein the synthetic fibers are polymer fibers and wherein the synthetic fibers form a three-dimensional random-fiber fabric having hollow spaces between a large portion of the synthetic fibers, further comprising a wire netting,

wherein the wire netting

is implemented at least of helix-shaped longitudinal elements, which are braided with one another, and/or

comprises at least one wire which is implemented at least partly of a high-tensile steel.

25. The protective device according to claim 24 , wherein the wire netting is braided with the synthetic fibers.

26. The protective device according to claim 25 , wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are connected with the wire netting by substance-to-substance bond.

27. The protective device according to claim 24 , wherein the wire netting has a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure.