Biopolymer-based electromagnetic interference shielding matertals
An electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielded device which includes an object to be shielded and an EMI shielding material encompassing the object. The EMI shielding material is made up of, but not limited to a broadband biopolymer or polymer dissolved in organic solvents and shielding guest material. The specific makeup of the shielding material and fabrication procedure of the shielding material is also included herein.
1. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material comprising:
a biopolymer or polymer, dissolved in organic solvents, and shielding guest materials; the shielding guest materials comprising at least one of particles, powders, tubes or rods, flakes, fiber or sheets; wherein the shielding guest material is functionalized by surface modification; surface modification comprising conjugation of chemicals or biomolecules onto a surface of the shielding guest material.
2. The EMI shielding material of claim 1 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises one of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA).
3. The EMI shielding material of claim 2 wherein the chemicals or biomolecules intercalate with the DNA or RNA, forming a DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination.
4. The EMI shielding material of claim 3 wherein the chemicals or biomolecules comprise proteins or peptides.
5. The EMI shielding material of claim 3 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is blended with a surfactant, resulting in a DNA or RNA-shielding guest-surfactant based complex.
6. The EMI shielding material of claim 5 wherein the surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant.
7. The EMI shielding material of claim 2 wherein a functionalized shielding guest material is positively charged; and wherein the functionalized shielding guest material electrostatically binds to the DNA or RNA, forming a DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination.
8. The EMI shielding material of claim 7 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is blended with a surfactant, resulting in a DNA or RNA-shielding guest-surfactant based complex.
9. The EMI shielding material of claim 8 wherein the surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant.
10. The EMI shielding material of claim 2 wherein a functionalized shielding guest material is negatively charged; and wherein the functionalized shielding guest material electrostatically binds to a cationic surfactant, resulting in a shielding guest-surfactant combination.
11. The EMI shielding material of claim 10 wherein the shielding guest-surfactant combination is blended with the DNA or RNA, resulting in a DNA or RNA-shielding guest-surfactant based complex.
12. The EMI shielding material of claim 2 wherein the chemicals or biomolecules are configured to bind to a major groove of the DNA or RNA, forming a DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination.
13. The EMI shielding material of claim 12 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is blended with a surfactant, resulting in a DNA or RNA-shielding guest-surfactant based complex.
14. The EMI shielding material of claim 12 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is crosslinked.
15. The EMI shielding material of claim 2 wherein the chemicals or biomolecules are configured to bind to a minor groove of the DNA or RNA, forming a DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination.
16. The EMI shielding material of claim 15 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is blended with a surfactant, resulting in a DNA or RNA-shielding guest-surfactant based complex.
17. The EMI shielding material of claim 15 wherein the DNA or RNA-shielding guest combination is crosslinked.
18. The EMI shielding material of claim 1 wherein the shielding guest materials comprises at least one of nano-particles, micro-particles, nano-powders, micro-powders, nano-flakes, micro-flakes, nano-strands, micro-strands, nano-rods, micro-rods, nano-sheets or micro-sheets.
19. The EMI shielding material of claim 18 wherein the shielding guest materials comprises at least one of metals, graphite, graphene, semiconductors or conductive polymers.
20. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material comprising:
a biopolymer or polymer, dissolved in organic solvents, and shielding guest materials; the shielding guest materials comprising at least one of particles, powders, tubes or rods, flakes, fiber or sheets; wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises at least one of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), crosslinked DNA, DNA-surfactant based complex, ribonucleic acid (RNA), crosslinked RNA, RNA-surfactant based complex or crosslinked RNA-surfactant based complex.
21. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises the DNA or RNA-surfactant complex, resulting in a DNA or RNA-surfactant-shielding guest combination; and wherein the DNA or RNA-surfactant-shielding guest combination is cross-linked.
22. The EMI shielding material of claim 21 wherein cross-linking performed using a cross-linking method, the cross-linking method comprising one of use of a cross-linker, use of compounds or conditions leading to oxidative stress, or strong ultraviolet (UV) light.
23. The EMI shielding material of claim 22 wherein the cross-linker is used; and wherein the cross-linker can comprise aldehydes, the aldehydes comprising poly(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde or Malondialdehyde, cisplatin, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), Chloro ethyl nitroso urea, carmustine, psoralens, or mitomycin C.
24. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises the DNA-surfactant based complex; and wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMA), also referred to as cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), also referred to as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride (CP) or benzyldimethyloctylammonium chloride (BDMA).
25. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises the DNA or RNA-surfactant based complex; and wherein the surfactant comprises a surfactant from heptadecanoic or margaric acid family of fatty acids, or their derivatives.
26. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises at least one of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), crosslinked DNA, DNA-surfactant based complex, crosslinked DNA-surfactant based complex, ribonucleic acid (RNA), crosslinked RNA, RNA-surfactant based, crosslinked RNA-surfactant based complex; and wherein the DNA or RNA comprises DNA or RNA derived from fish, plant, animal, plasmid or synthetic.
27. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises at least one of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), crosslinked DNA, DNA-surfactant based complex, crosslinked DNA-surfactant based complex, ribonucleic acid (RNA), crosslinked RNA, RNA-surfactant based, crosslinked RNA-surfactant based complex; and wherein the DNA or RNA comprises purified DNA or RNA.
28. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the biopolymer or polymer comprises at least one of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), crosslinked DNA, DNA-surfactant based complex, crosslinked DNA-surfactant based complex, ribonucleic acid (RNA), crosslinked RNA, RNA-surfactant based, crosslinked RNA-surfactant based complex; and wherein the DNA or RNA comprises one of high molecular weight DNA or RNA, or low molecular weight DNA or RNA.
29. The EMI shielding material of claim 20 wherein the shielding guest materials comprises at least one of nano-particles, micro-particles, nano-powders, micro-powders, nano-flakes, micro-flakes, nano-strands, micro-strands, nano-rods, micro-rods, nano-sheets or micro-sheets.
30. The EMI shielding material of claim 29 wherein the shielding guest materials comprises at least one of metals, graphite, graphene, semiconductors or conductive polymers.