Apparatus and methods for orthodontic treatment planning
The present disclosure relates to an automated process for the design of dental aligners. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a method for generating an orthodontic treatment plan for at least one dental arch of a patient, comprising extracting control points of teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient from received patient-related data, determining, based on the extracted control points, a target dental arch of the patient, calculating, based on the determined target dental arch of the patient, one or more teeth movement stages, and generating, by processing circuitry and based on the calculated one or more teeth movement stages, the orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient.
1. A method for generating an orthodontic treatment plan for at least one dental arch of a patient, comprising:
extracting control points of teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient from received patient-related data, including:
applying a machine learning classifier to one or more images of the patient-related data, the machine learning classifier being trained on a database of reference images of patients and each of the reference images of patients of the database being classified reference images of patients;
determining, based on the extracted control points, a target dental arch of the patient that is different from the at least one dental arch, including:
generating, accounting for dental collisions, a set of possible dental arches that are each different from the at least one dental arch, and
selecting, as the target dental arch, one of the set of possible dental arches that minimizes a difference between the one of the set of possible dental arches and an ideal dental arch;
calculating, based on the determined target dental arch of the patient, one or more teeth movement stages, the one or more teeth movement stages representing a stage of movement of at least one tooth from a state in the at least one dental arch to a state in the target dental arch; and
generating, by processing circuitry and based on the calculated one or more teeth movement stages, the orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient, the generated orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient including information required to produce at least one dental aligner based on the selected trajectory for each tooth at each teeth movement stage.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extracting the control points of each of the teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient includes:
calculating isolines corresponding to a depth along a y direction of a respective tooth in an xOz plane,
generating a vertical axis of the respective tooth based on the calculated isolines,
calculating isolines corresponding to a depth along the vertical axis of the respective tooth in a plane orthogonal to the generated vertical axis,
determining one or more dental features of the respective tooth based upon the isolines corresponding to the depth along the vertical axis,
generating a horizontal axis of the respective tooth based on a subset of the determined one or more dental features of the respective tooth, and
determining one or more contact points of the respective tooth based upon the horizontal axis.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the determining the one or more dental features of each respective tooth includes one or more of:
calculating at least one tooth cutting edge of the respective tooth,
calculating at least one tooth tubercle of the respective tooth, and
calculating at least one fissure of the respective tooth.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the calculating the at least one fissure of the respective tooth includes:
determining a geometric area defined by the calculated at least one tooth tubercle of the respective tooth,
dividing the geometric area into a plurality of geometric sub areas, and
determining the at least one fissure of the respective tooth from coordinates of the plurality of geometric sub areas.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calculating the one or more teeth movement stages includes:
determining a quantity of the one or more teeth movement stages,
calculating for each tooth at each teeth movement stage and accounting for dental collisions, a list of trajectories that satisfy a tooth movement, and
selecting, for each tooth at each teeth movement stage, a trajectory of the list of trajectories that minimizes a penalty of transformation.
6. An apparatus for generating an orthodontic treatment plan for at least one dental arch of a patient, comprising:
processing circuitry configured to
extract control points for teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient from received patient-related data, including:
applying a machine learning classifier to one or more images of the patient-related data, the machine learning classifier being trained on a database of reference images of patients and each of the reference images of patients of the database being classified reference images of patients,
determine, based on the extracted control points, a target dental arch of the patient that is different from the at least one dental arch, including:
generate, accounting for dental collisions, a set of possible dental arches that are each different from the at least one dental arch, and
select, as the target dental arch, one of the set of possible dental arches that minimizes a difference between the one of the set of possible dental arches and an ideal dental arch,
calculate, based on the determined target dental arch of the patient, one or more teeth movement stages, the one or more teeth movement stages representing a stage of movement of at least one tooth from a state in the at least one dental arch to a state in the target dental arch, and
generate, based on the calculated one or more teeth movement stages, the orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient, the generated orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient including information required to produce at least one dental aligner based on the selected trajectory for each tooth at each teeth movement stage.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein, in order to extract the control points for each of the teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient, the processing circuitry is further configured to
calculate isolines corresponding to a depth along a y direction of a respective tooth in an xOz plane,
generate a vertical axis of the respective tooth based on the calculated isolines,
calculate isolines corresponding to a depth along the vertical axis of the respective tooth in a plane orthogonal to the generated vertical axis,
determine one or more dental features of the respective tooth based upon the isolines corresponding to the depth along the vertical axis,
generate a horizontal axis of the respective tooth based on a subset of the determined one or more dental features of the respective tooth, and
determine one or more contact points of the respective tooth based upon the horizontal axis.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein, in order to determine the one or more dental features of the respective tooth, the processing circuitry is further configured to:
calculate at least one tooth cutting edge of the respective tooth,
calculate at least one tooth tubercle of the respective tooth, and/or
calculate at least one fissure of the respective tooth.
9. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein, in order to calculate the one or more teeth movement stages, the processing circuitry is further configured to:
determine a quantity of the one or more teeth movement stages,
calculate, for each tooth at each teeth movement stage and accounting for dental collisions, a list of trajectories that satisfy a tooth movement, and
select, for each tooth at each teeth movement stage, a trajectory of the list of trajectories that minimizes a penalty of transformation.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method of generating an orthodontic treatment plan for at least one dental arch of a patient, the method comprising:
extracting control points of teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient from received patient-related data, including:
applying a machine learning classifier to one or more images of the patient-related data, the machine learning classifier being trained on a database of reference images of patients and each of the reference images of patients of the database being classified reference images of patients;
determining, based on the extracted control points, a target dental arch of the patient that is different from the at least one dental arch, including:
generating, accounting for dental collisions, a set of possible dental arches that are each different from the at least one dental arch, and
selecting, as the target dental arch, one of the set of possible dental arches that minimizes a difference between the one of the set of possible dental arches and an ideal dental arch;
calculating, based on the determined target dental arch of the patient, one or more teeth movement stages, the one or more teeth movement stages representing a stage of movement of at least one tooth from a state in the at least one dental arch to a state in the target dental arch; and
generating, based on the calculated one or more teeth movement stages, the orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient, the generated orthodontic treatment plan for the at least one dental arch of the patient including information required to produce at least one dental aligner based on the selected trajectory for each tooth at each teeth movement stage.
11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 10 , wherein the extracting the control points for each of the teeth of the at least one dental arch of the patient includes
calculating isolines corresponding to a depth along a y direction of a respective tooth in an xOz plane,
generating a vertical axis of the respective tooth based on the calculated isolines,
calculating isolines corresponding to a depth along the vertical axis of the respective tooth in a plane orthogonal to the generated vertical axis,
determining one or more dental features of the respective tooth based upon the isolines corresponding to the depth along the vertical axis,
generating a horizontal axis of the respective tooth based on a subset of the determined one or more dental features of the respective tooth, and
determining one or more contact points of the respective tooth based upon the horizontal axis.
12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 11 , wherein the determining the one or more dental features of the respective tooth includes one or more of:
calculating at least one tooth cutting edge of the respective tooth,
calculating at least one tooth tubercle of the respective tooth, and
calculating at least one fissure of the respective tooth.
13. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 10 , wherein the calculating the one or more teeth movement stages includes:
determining a quantity of the one or more teeth movement stages,
calculating, for each tooth at each teeth movement stage and accounting for dental collisions, a list of trajectories that satisfy a tooth movement, and
selecting, for each tooth at each teeth movement stage, a trajectory of the list of trajectories that minimizes a penalty of transformation.