Slotless electric motor having improved transient capability
A slotless electric motor provides a phase change material that may communicate thermally through the sides of coils directly attached to the outer circumference of the central stator. A control system modeling the motor allows effective operation for short durations.
1. A slotless electric machine comprising:
a rotor mounted for rotation about an axis;
a stator positioned adjacent to the rotor and providing a ferrous stator body having a circumferential periphery supporting a series of electrically independent coils spaced there along, the coils providing a first face facing the rotor and separated by sidewalls from a second face attached to the circumferential periphery; and
a phase change material supported by the stator and in thermal communication through at least one sidewall of each coil with the coil
wherein the phase change material is held within the stator and displaced from the circumferential periphery and communicates by a heat conductor to a position between sidewalls of adjacent coils.
2. The slotless electric machine of claim 1 wherein the coils attach to the ferrous stator body without intervening phase change material.
3. The slotless electric machine of claim 1 wherein the phase change material is separated from the circumferential periphery by a nonferrous heatsink having air passages therethrough.
4. The slotless electric machine of claim 1 wherein the phase change material is in thermal communication with the coils through sidewalls of only every other pair of adjacent sidewalls.
5. The slotless electric machine of claim 1 further including a motor drive unit providing electrical power to the electrically independent windings and including an electronic computer executing a program contained in non-transitory media to:
(1) monitor the operation of the motor;
(2) model the temperature of the coils as moderated by the phase change material; and
(3) provide an output indicating at least one of:
(i) remaining thermal capacity of the phase change material being proportional to the amount of phase change material that has not changed in phase; and
(ii) an estimated time of exhaustion of the thermal capacity.
6. The slotless electric machine of claim 1 wherein the stator is positioned coaxially within the rotor.
7. An aircraft having one or more engines each including a fan having a driveshaft communicating with a slotless electric machine comprising: a rotor mounted for rotation about an axis; a stator positioned adjacent to the rotor and providing a ferrous stator body having a circumferential periphery supporting a series of electrically independent coils spaced there-along the coils providing a first face facing the rotor and separated by sidewalls from a second face attached to the circumferential periphery; and a phase change material supported by the stator and in thermal communication through at least one sidewall of each coil with the coil; wherein the phase change material is held within the stator and displaced from the circumferential periphery and communicates by a heat conductor to a position between sidewalls of adjacent coils.