Modified split structure particle accelerators

1. A method of manufacturing a particle accelerator, the method comprising:

providing a first waveguide structure comprising:

a first plurality of accelerating recesses disposed along a first longitudinal axis of the first waveguide structure;

a first plurality of side recesses each disposed off-axis from one or more of the first plurality of accelerating recesses; and

a first raised outer section forming a first recessed inner section surrounding the first plurality of accelerating recesses and the first plurality of side recesses;

providing a second waveguide structure comprising:

a second plurality of accelerating recesses;

a second plurality of side recesses each disposed off-axis from one or more of the second plurality of accelerating recesses; and

a second raised outer section forming a second recessed inner section surrounding the second plurality of accelerating recesses and the second plurality of side recesses;

aligning the first pluralities of accelerating and side recesses with corresponding recesses of the second pluralities of accelerating and side recesses; and

joining the first waveguide structure to the second waveguide structure at the first and second raised outer sections such that the first and second pluralities of accelerating and side recesses form a plurality of accelerating cells and side cells of a joint structure.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the first waveguide structure to the second waveguide structure to form the joint structure comprises electron beam welding.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the first waveguide structure to the second waveguide structure to form the joint structure comprises brazing.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the first waveguide structure to the second waveguide structure to form the joint structure comprises diffusion bonding.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein joining the first waveguide structure to the second waveguide structure to form the joint structure comprises supplying a joining metal.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising disposing a particle source to abut the joint structure.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising milling the first plurality of accelerating recesses into the first waveguide structure.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising electrical discharge machining at least a portion of the first waveguide structure.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of accelerating cells has a central aperture configured to allow a beam of charged particles to travel therethrough along a longitudinal axis extending through central apertures of each of the plurality of accelerating cells.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one recess of the first plurality of side recesses is axially offset from a corresponding recess of the first plurality of accelerating recesses.

11. A particle accelerator comprising:

a first waveguide portion comprising:

a first plurality of accelerating cell portions;

a first plurality of side cell portions; and

a first raised outer section forming a first recessed inner section surrounding the first plurality of accelerating cell portions and the first plurality of side cell portions;

and

a second waveguide portion comprising:

a second plurality of accelerating cell portions;

a second plurality of side cell portions; and

a second raised outer section forming a second recessed inner section surrounding the second plurality of accelerating cell portions and the second plurality of side cell portions;

wherein:

the first raised outer section is disposed adjacent the second raised outer section along corresponding bonding surfaces, and

the first and second pluralities of accelerating cell portions form a plurality of accelerating cells of a joint structure.

12. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , wherein the first waveguide comprises an aperture configured to allow a beam of charged particles to travel therethrough along a beam axis.

13. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , further comprising a particle source configured to abut the joint structure.

14. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , further comprising an input coupling cell configured to receive electromagnetic waves therethrough.

15. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , wherein the particle accelerator is configured to operate at a mode between π/2 and π.

16. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , wherein each of the plurality of accelerating cells comprises a corresponding iris and aperture, each aperture configured to be disposed about a beam axis.

17. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , wherein at least one cell portion of the first plurality of side cell portions is axially offset from a corresponding cell portion of the first plurality of cell portions.

18. The particle accelerator of claim 17 , wherein the at least one cell portion of the first plurality of side cell portions comprises:

a proximal portion having a length;

a distal portion having a length; and

a medial portion having a length, the medial portion disposed between the proximal and distal portions;

wherein the length of the medial portion is less than the length of the proximal portion.

19. The particle accelerator of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the plurality of accelerating cells comprises a nose.

20. The particle accelerator of claim 19 , wherein the nose comprises an increased thickness of a portion of the joint structure between neighboring cells of the first plurality of cells, the increased thickness being relative to one or more regions surrounding the nose of the portion of the joint structure.