Stimulation of an immune response by enantiomers of cationic lipids
A composition and method for activating immune cells ex-vivo, or inducing an immune response in a subject including a composition comprising at least one chiral cationic lipid. The chiral cationic lipid in one embodiment comprises a nonsteroidal cationic lipid having a structure represented by formula (I); wherein in R 1 is a quaternary ammonium group, Y 1 is a space chosen from a hydrocarbon chain, an ester, a ketone, and a peptide, C* is a chiral carbon, R 2 and R 3 are independently chosen from a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, an ester-linked hydrocarbon, phosphor-diesters, and combination thereof.
1. A method of enhancing an immunostimulatory effect in an immune system of a mammal comprising administering an immunogenic composition to the mammal, wherein the immunogenic composition comprises a cationic lipid and at least one viral antigen, wherein the cationic lipid consists of R-DOTAP, wherein R-DOTAP induces the production of at least one cytokine or chemokine.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immunogenic composition further comprises one or more of antigens, drug molecules, cytokines, chemokines, polymer complexes, and pharmaceutical carriers.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one viral antigen comprises proteins or peptides, lipoprotein or lipopeptides, glycolipids, carbohydrates, RNA, DNA, or combinations and active fragments thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one viral antigen comprises a viral membrane peptide or protein.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one viral antigen is in the form of a nucleic acid molecule that encodes an amino acid sequence for the at least one viral antigen.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one viral antigen is modified to increase its immunogenicity, safety, or stability.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is a human.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immunogenic composition is administered by aerosol, intraarterial, intravenous, intratracheal, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intratumoral administration.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immunostimulatory effect includes production of immune system regulatory molecules.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one cytokine or chemokine is selected from the group consisting of CCL-3, CCL-4, CCL-5, CCL-19, IL-2, IL-8, IL-12, or combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one viral antigen is an HPV antigen.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one viral antigen is a Coronaviridae antigen.
13. The method of claim 6 , wherein the at least one viral antigen is lipidated.