Precoding processing method and apparatus

1. A precoding processing method, comprising:

determining, by a base station, first downlink channel information based on a pilot signal received from a terminal device;

determining, by the base station, a port to send a reference signal based on the first downlink channel information;

sending, by the base station, the reference signal to the terminal device using the port that was determined;

receiving, by the base station, a precoding matrix indication (PMI) from the terminal device based on channel estimation on the reference signal performed by the terminal device;

determining, by the base station, second downlink channel information based on the PMI;

determining, by the base station, a precoding matrix of a downlink channel based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information; and

performing, by the base station, a precoding processing by using the precoding matrix.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining the precoding matrix of the downlink channel comprises:

determining, by the base station, a first covariance matrix based on the first downlink channel information;

determining, by the base station, a second covariance matrix based on the second downlink channel information;

obtaining, by the base station, a third covariance matrix based on the first covariance matrix and the second covariance matrix, and performing singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third covariance matrix to obtain a first characteristic matrix; and

determining, by the base station, the precoding matrix of the downlink channel based on the first characteristic matrix and a quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the first covariance matrix is represented as H SRS H H SRS , the second covariance matrix is represented as H PMI H H PMI , and the third covariance matrix is represented as R HH , wherein

the third covariance matrix, the first covariance matrix, and the second covariance matrix satisfy:

R HH =αH SRS H H SRS +βH PMI H H PMI ,

wherein α and β represent channel estimation confidence, H SRS represents the first downlink channel information, H SRS H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H SRS , H PMI represents the second downlink channel information, H PMI H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H PMI , the first characteristic matrix is represented as (U) n×n , the precoding matrix is a matrix obtained after m streams are selected from the first characteristic matrix (U) n×n , m is the quantity of downlink transmitted streams, and m≤n.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining the precoding matrix of the downlink channel comprises:

obtaining, by the base station, third downlink channel information based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information;

performing, by the base station, singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third downlink channel information to obtain a second characteristic matrix; and

obtaining, by the base station, the precoding matrix of the downlink channel after extracting m columns from the second characteristic matrix, wherein m is a quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reference signal is received by the terminal device using a target port; and

the target port is a remaining port in all ports of the terminal device except the port used to send the pilot signal.

6. A precoding processing method, comprising:

receiving, by a base station, a pilot signal from a terminal device;

determining, by the base station, first downlink channel information based on the pilot signal;

determining, by the base station based on the first downlink channel information, a port to use to send a reference signal;

sending, by the base station, the reference signal by using the port that was determined;

receiving, by the base station, a precoding matrix indication (PMI) from the terminal device based on channel estimation on the reference signal performed by the terminal device; and

performing, by the base station, precoding processing responsive to receiving the PMI.

7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein determining the first downlink channel information based on the pilot signal comprises:

obtaining, by the base station, first uplink channel information based on the pilot signal; and

obtaining, by the base station, the first downlink channel information based on the first uplink channel information.

8. The method according to claim 6 , further comprising:

determining, by the base station, second downlink channel information based on the PMI;

determining, by the base station, a precoding matrix of a downlink channel based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information; and

performing, by the base station, the precoding processing by using the precoding matrix.

9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein determining the precoding matrix of the downlink channel comprises:

determining, by the base station, a first covariance matrix based on the first downlink channel information;

determining, by the base station, a second covariance matrix based on the second downlink channel information;

obtaining, by the base station, a third covariance matrix based on the first covariance matrix and the second covariance matrix, and performing singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third covariance matrix to obtain a first characteristic matrix; and

determining, by the base station, the precoding matrix of the downlink channel based on the first characteristic matrix and a quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the first covariance matrix is represented as H SRS H H SRS , the second covariance matrix is represented as H PMI H H PMI , and the third covariance matrix is represented as R HH , wherein

the third covariance matrix, the first covariance matrix, and the second covariance matrix satisfy:

R HH =αH SRS H H SRS +βH PMI H H PMI ,

wherein α and β represent channel estimation confidence, H SRS represents the first downlink channel information, H SRS H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H SRS , H PMI represents the second downlink channel information, H PMI H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H PMI , the first characteristic matrix is represented as (U) n×n , the precoding matrix is a matrix obtained after m streams are selected from the first characteristic matrix (U) n×n , m is a quantity of downlink transmitted streams, and m≤n.

11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein determining the precoding matrix of the downlink channel comprises:

obtaining, by the base station, third downlink channel information based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information;

performing, by the base station, singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third downlink channel information to obtain a second characteristic matrix; and

obtaining, by the base station, the precoding matrix of the downlink channel after extracting m columns from the second characteristic matrix, wherein m is the quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

12. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the reference signal is received by the terminal device using a target port; and

the target port is a remaining port in all ports of the terminal device except the port used to send the pilot signal.

13. A communication apparatus, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a pilot signal from a terminal device; and

a processor configured to:

determine first downlink channel information based on the pilot signal; and

determining a port to send a reference signal based on the first downlink channel information;

a transceiver configured to send the reference signal using the port that was determined;

the receiver is further configured to receive a precoding matrix indication (PMI) from the terminal device based on channel estimation on the reference signal performed by the terminal device;

and

the processor is further configured to: determine second downlink channel information based on the PMI, determine a precoding matrix of a downlink channel based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information, and perform precoding processing by using the precoding matrix.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the processor is configured to:

determine a first covariance matrix based on the first downlink channel information, and determine a second covariance matrix based on the second downlink channel information;

obtain a third covariance matrix based on the first covariance matrix and the second covariance matrix, and perform singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third covariance matrix to obtain a first characteristic matrix; and

determine the precoding matrix of the downlink channel based on the first characteristic matrix and a quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the first covariance matrix is represented as H SRS H H SRS , the second covariance matrix is represented as H PMI H H PMI , and the third covariance matrix is represented as R HH , wherein

the third covariance matrix, the first covariance matrix, and the second covariance matrix satisfy:

R HH =αH SRS H H SRS +βH PMI H H PMI ,

wherein α and β represent channel estimation confidence, H SRS represents the first downlink channel information, H SRS H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H SRS , H PMI represents the second downlink channel information, H PMI H is a matrix obtained through conjugate transposition of H PMI , the first characteristic matrix is represented as (U) n×n , the precoding matrix is a matrix obtained after m streams are selected from the first characteristic matrix (U) n×n , m is the quantity of downlink transmitted streams, and m≤n.

16. The apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the processor is configured to:

obtain third downlink channel information based on the first downlink channel information and the second downlink channel information,

perform singular value decomposition (SVD) on the third downlink channel information to obtain a second characteristic matrix, and

obtain a precoding matrix of the downlink channel after extracting m columns from the second characteristic matrix, wherein m is a quantity of downlink transmitted streams.

17. The apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein

the reference signal is received by the terminal device using a target port; and

the target port is a remaining port in all ports of the terminal device except the port used to send the pilot signal.