Methods and systems for producing acetic acid
Methods and systems for producing acetic acid, including glacial acetic acid. A first stream of a reactor fluid that includes methyl acetate, water, and a first amount of carbon monoxide may be forwarded from a reactor to a reactor cooler to form a cooled reactor fluid. The cooled reactor fluid may have a concentration of methyl acetate that is lower than the concentration of methyl acetate in the reactor fluid.
1. A method for producing acetic acid, the method comprising:
contacting a first amount of carbon monoxide with a reactor fluid, in a reactor, in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst, the reactor fluid comprising iodide, less than or equal to 6 wt % water based on the total weight of the reactor fluid, and one or more additives, in-situ generated derivatives of the one or more additives, or combinations thereof at an additive to iodide molar ratio of 0.5:1 to 5:1, under carbonylation conditions sufficient to form acetic acid and an intermediate reaction product comprising methyl acetate, the reactor fluid having a first concentration of methyl acetate, wherein the one or more additives comprise a compound mixture of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO), tri-n-hexylphosphine oxide (THPO), dihexylmonooctylphosphine oxide and dioctylmonohexylphosphine oxide;
directing a first stream comprising a portion of the reactor fluid from the reactor to a reactor cooler, the first stream having a first concentration of methyl acetate;
cooling the portion of the reactor fluid received in the reactor cooler for a residence time sufficient to form a cooled reactor fluid having a second concentration of methyl acetate less than the first concentration of methyl acetate;
directing a second stream comprising the cooled reactor fluid from the reactor cooler to the reactor;
contacting a third stream comprising a second amount of carbon monoxide with at least one of the first stream and the reactor fluid received in the reactor cooler;
maintaining an acetic acid evaporation rate in the reactor; and
recovering acetic acid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second concentration of methyl acetate is about 10% to about 40% less than the first concentration of methyl acetate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second concentration of methyl acetate is about 20% to about 40% less than the first concentration of methyl acetate.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second concentration of methyl acetate is about 20% to about 30% less than the first concentration of methyl acetate.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first concentration of methyl acetate is about 2.7% to about 3.3% by weight based on the weight of the reactor fluid, and the second concentration of methyl acetate is about 2% to about 2.4% by weight based on the weight of the cooled reactor fluid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first concentration of methyl acetate is about 2.9% to about 3.1% by weight based on the weight of the reactor fluid, and the second concentration of methyl acetate is about 2% to about 2.4% by weight based on the weight of the cooled reactor fluid.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the second stream comprising the cooled reactor fluid is about 1.6° C. to about 13.9° C. less than a temperature of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the second stream comprising the cooled reactor fluid is about 2.7° C. to about 11.1° C. less than a temperature of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the second stream comprising the cooled reactor fluid is about 176° C. to about 182.2° C., and a temperature of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid is about 187° C. to about 193.3° C.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the second stream comprising the cooled reactor fluid is about 179.4° C., and a temperature of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid is about 187° C. to about 190.6° C.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residence time of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid in the reactor cooler is about 70% to about 99% less than a residence time of the reactor fluid in the reactor.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residence time of the first stream comprising the reactor fluid in the reactor cooler is about 80% to about 95% less than a residence time of the reactor fluid in the reactor.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting of the first stream with the third stream comprises injecting the second amount of carbon monoxide into the reactor cooler through a sparger or supersonic injector.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting of the first stream with the third stream comprises generating bubbles of the second amount of carbon monoxide in an apparatus fluidly connecting the reactor and the reactor cooler.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering as steam a portion of waste heat from the reactor cooler.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor cooler comprises a shell and tube heat exchanger.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor fluid further comprises a soluble catalyst system, wherein the soluble catalyst system comprises a carbonylation catalyst and methyl iodide.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor fluid further comprises a pentavalent alkyl phosphine oxide.
19. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying with the first amount of carbon monoxide a pressure in the reactor of about 2.413 MPa to about 3.102 MPa.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying with the first amount of carbon monoxide a pressure in the reactor of about 2.654 MPa to about 2.792 MPa.