Time-to-digital converter using voltage as a representation of time offset
A time-to-digital converter (TDC) uses voltage as a representation of time offset. A voltage change is induced over a time period from a start signal to a stop signal. The final voltage is then measured, and the voltage measurement is mapped to a time value representing the time between the start signal and the stop signal. The voltage change can be increasing or decreasing, e.g., by charging or discharging a capacitive circuit between the start signal and the stop signal. The voltage can be measured using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) or other voltage measurement circuit. The voltage measurement can be mapped to the time value in any manner, such as, for example, using a transfer function or using a mapping table that provides a time value for each possible voltage measurement value.
1. A time-to-digital conversion system comprising:
a first circuitry configured to capture a time difference between two signals as a voltage; and
a second circuitry configured to produce a digital output value representative of the time difference between the two signals based on the voltage, wherein:
the first circuitry comprises a time-to-voltage converter circuit configured to output a voltage signal that is proportional to the time difference between the two signals and a voltage measurement circuit configured to output a voltage measurement value based on the voltage signal; and
the second circuitry comprises a mapping circuit configured to output a time value based on the voltage measurement value as the digital output value.
2. The system according to claim 1 , comprising:
an integrated circuit that includes the first circuitry; and
an apparatus, separate from the integrated circuit, that includes the second circuitry.
3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the time-to-voltage converter circuit comprises:
an integrate-and-dump circuit.
4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the time-to-voltage converter circuit comprises:
a controllable current source configured to start an output current flow in response to a first signal of the two signals and to stop the current output flow in response to a second signal of the two signals; and
a capacitive circuit coupled to the controllable current source and configured to store voltage based on the current output flow from the controllable current source.
5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein:
the controllable current source comprises a flip-flop circuit or a latch circuit; and
the capacitive circuit comprises a capacitor, a capacitor network, or an integrate-and-dump circuit.
6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the time-to-voltage converter circuit comprises:
a flip-flop circuit configured to produce a start signal in response to a first signal of the two signals and to produce a stop signal in response to a second signal of the two signals; and
an integrate-and-dump circuit configured to begin integrating on the start signal and to stop integrating on the stop signal.
7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the voltage measurement circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter to quantize the voltage signal.
8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the mapping circuit implements a transfer function circuit that maps the voltage measurement value to a corresponding time value.
9. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the mapping circuit comprises a mapping table that maps voltage measurement values to corresponding time values such that the mapping table can be indexed by the voltage value to obtain the corresponding time value.
10. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the voltage corresponds to a voltage increase during the time difference.
11. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the voltage corresponds to a voltage drop during the time difference.
12. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the digital output value corresponds to a phase offset between the two signals.
13. The system according to claim 1 , comprising an integrated circuit that includes the first circuitry and the second circuitry.
14. A time-to-digital conversion method comprising:
capturing a time difference between two signals as a voltage; and
producing a digital output value representative of the time difference between the two signals based on the voltage, wherein:
capturing a time difference between two signals as a voltage comprises producing a voltage signal that is proportional to the time difference between the two signals; and
producing a digital output value representative of the time difference between the producing a digital output value representative of the time difference between the two signals based on the voltage comprises producing a voltage measurement value based on the voltage signal and outputting a time value based on the voltage measurement value as the digital output value.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the digital output value corresponds to a phase offset between the two signals.
16. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the voltage corresponds to a voltage drop during the time difference.
17. The method according to claim 14 , wherein producing a voltage signal that is proportional to the time difference between the two signals comprises:
starting a voltage capture operation in response to a first signal of the two signals; and
stopping the voltage capture operation in response to a second signal of the two signals.
18. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the voltage corresponds to a voltage increase during the time difference.