Implicit temporal network access load distribution
The load on Random Access channels (N)PRACH (i.e., Msg1) is temporally distributed, to better handle synchronized access peaks from machine type devices. Access attempts by wireless devices are distributed in time, based on their identities (e.g., IMSI, which is used for the distribution of paging load) or random draw. The distribution restricts when 5 wireless devices can access the network, either based on System Frame Number or on random access occurrence. The method is implicit, i.e., after the initial System Information (SI) acquisition, wireless devices will automatically apply temporal network access load distribution according to the configuration provided in SI without any need for explicit signaling or re-acquisition of SI. Embodiments of the invention may be advantageously applied to any wireless 10 communication network supporting machine type communications, such as GPRS/EGPRS/ECGSM-IoT and UMTS/HSPA, as well as non-3GPP radio access technologies such as LoRa, Sigfox, and Ingenu.
1. A method, performed by a wireless device for performing a temporally distributed network access procedure on an uplink carrier to access a wireless communication network, the method comprising:
receiving network access configuration information broadcast from the network;
based only on the broadcast network access configuration information, determining a plurality of access opportunities, in the time domain, on which network access signalling is possible on the uplink carrier;
based on the network access configuration information and a parameter unique to the wireless device, wherein the parameter is configured independently of the network, determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling on the uplink carrier, such that the network is unaware of the determined subset; and
transmitting network access signalling on the uplink carrier only during the subset of permitted access opportunities.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling comprises:
dividing the plurality of possible access opportunities into a plurality of subsets of access opportunities; and
selecting one of the subsets of access opportunities as a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities on which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein selecting one of the subsets of access opportunities as a subset unique to the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling comprises performing an operation on a parameter unique to the wireless device to yield an index mapping the wireless device to one of the subsets of access opportunities.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein performing an operation on a parameter unique to the wireless device comprises calculating ID mod n=m, where
ID is a unique identifier of the wireless device;
n is a number of the plurality of subsets of access opportunities; and
m is an index identifying one of the n subsets of access opportunities.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling comprises:
dividing all uplink frame time periods into a predetermined number n of subsets;
selecting an index defining one of the n subsets based on a parameter unique to the wireless device; and
determining the subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling to be all access opportunities within occurrences of the selected index of uplink frame time periods.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein dividing all uplink frame time periods into a predetermined number n of subsets comprises computing
SFN mod n=m where
SFN is a Subframe Number of uplink subframes;
n is the predetermined number of subsets of subframes; and
m is an index identifying one of the n subsets of subframes.
7. The method of claim 1 further characterized by:
determining a coverage enhancement (CE) requirement;
selecting a network access CE level based on the CE requirement; and
wherein determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling comprises determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities based on the selected network access CE level.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein determining a CE requirement comprises:
measuring a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP); and
determining a CE requirement based on the RSRP and an RSRP threshold received in System Information broadcast by the network.
9. A wireless device operative to perform a temporally distributed network access procedure on an uplink carrier to access a wireless communication network, comprising:
communication circuitry; and
processing circuitry operatively connected to the communication circuitry, and operative to receive network access configuration information broadcast from the network;
based only on the broadcast network access configuration information, determine a plurality of access opportunities, in the time domain, in which it is possible to transmit network access signalling on the uplink carrier;
based on the network access configuration information and a parameter unique to the wireless device, wherein the parameter is configured independently of the network, determine a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling on the uplink carrier, such that the network is unaware of the determined subset; and
transmit network access signalling on the uplink carrier only during the subset of permitted access opportunities.
10. The wireless device of claim 9 wherein the processing circuitry is operative to determine a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling by:
dividing the plurality of possible access opportunities into a plurality of subsets of access opportunities; and
selecting one of the subsets of access opportunities as a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities on which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling.
11. The wireless device of claim 10 wherein selecting one of the subsets of access opportunities as a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling comprises performing an operation on a parameter unique to the wireless device to yield an index mapping the wireless device to one of the subsets of access opportunities.
12. The wireless device of claim 11 wherein performing an operation on a parameter unique to the wireless device comprises calculating ID mod n=m, where
ID is a unique identifier of the wireless device;
n is a number of the plurality of subsets of access opportunities; and
m is an index identifying one of the n subsets of access opportunities.
13. The wireless device of claim 9 wherein the processing circuitry is operative to determine a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling by:
dividing all uplink frame time periods into a predetermined number n of subsets;
selecting an index defining one of the n subsets based on a parameter unique to the wireless device; and
determining the subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling to be all access opportunities within occurrences of the selected index of uplink frame time periods.
14. The wireless device of claim 13 wherein dividing all uplink frame time periods into a predetermined number n of subsets comprises computing
SFN mod n=m where
SFN is a Subframe Number of uplink subframes;
n is the predetermined number of subsets of subframes; and
m is an index identifying one of the n subsets of subframes.
15. The wireless device of claim 9 wherein the processing circuitry is further operative to:
determine a coverage enhancement (CE) requirement;
select a network access CE level based on the CE requirement; and
wherein the processing circuitry is operative to determine a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities in which the wireless device is permitted to transmit network access signalling by determining a subset of the plurality of possible access opportunities based on the selected network access CE level.
16. The wireless device of claim 15 wherein determining a CE requirement comprises:
measuring a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP); and
determining a CE requirement based on the RSRP and an RSRP threshold received in SI.
17. A method of temporal network access load distribution, performed by a base station operative in a communication network in which a wireless device seeks access to the network on an uplink carrier, the method comprising:
broadcasting network access configuration information; and
receiving, on the uplink carrier, network access signalling from the wireless device only during a subset of a plurality of possible access opportunities, in the time domain, in which the wireless device is permitted to perform access, the subset determined solely by the wireless device, based only on the broadcast network access configuration information and a parameter unique to the device, wherein the parameter is configured independently of the network, such that the base station is unaware of the determined subset.
18. A base station operative in a communication network in which a wireless device seeks access to the network on an uplink carrier, and further operative to perform temporal network access load distribution, comprising:
communication circuitry; and
processing circuitry operatively connected to the communication circuitry, and operative to broadcast network access configuration information; and
receive, on the uplink carrier, network access signalling from the wireless device only during a subset of a plurality of possible access opportunities, in the time domain, in which the wireless device is permitted to perform access, the subset determined solely by the wireless device based only on the broadcast network access configuration information and a parameter unique to the wireless device, wherein the parameter is configured independently of the network, such that the base station is unaware of the determined subset.