Maxillary and mandibular devices that increase the smallest concentric airway cross-sectional area of a user for improvements during physical activities
Methods of lowering heart rate during physical activity for a user in need of an increase in their smallest concentric airway cross-sectional area include providing the person with a mandibular repositioning device having a maxillary tooth covering having a driver flange protruding laterally outward on a right and left side proximate a backmost teeth mold and a mandibular tooth covering having a protrusive flange extending cranially therefrom positioned to have a posterior side engaged with the anterior side of each driver flange. The anterior side of each driver flange has a convex curvature, and the posterior side of each protrusive flange has a concave-to-convex curvature from its base toward its most cranial point and a convex portion of the concave-to convex curvature engages the convex curvature of the driver flange in a rest position, and downward movement of the mandibular piece moves the user's mandible forward as well.
1. A mandibular repositioning device comprising:
a maxillary piece comprising a backmost teeth mold and a tooth covering having a driver flange protruding laterally outward on a right side proximate the backmost teeth mold and/or on a left side proximate the backmost teeth mold, each driver flange having an anterior side with a convex curvature;
a mandibular piece comprising a tooth covering having therefrom a protrusive flange configured to extend cranially therefrom and positioned to have a posterior side engaged with the anterior side of each driver flange, the posterior side of each protrusive flange has a concave-to-convex curvature a base of the protrusive flange toward a most cranial point of the protrusive flange and a convex portion of the concave-to convex curvature engages the convex curvature of the driver flange in a rest position;
wherein downward movement of the mandibular piece moves the convex portion of the posterior side of the protrusive flange along the convex curvature of the driver flange, thereby moving a user's mandible forward;
wherein the mandibular piece comprises a first buccal saliva drain in a right buccal surface and a second buccal saliva drain in a left buccal surface, each comprising an elongate arcuate ridge configured to extend from proximate an incisor region to a posterior terminus surface and a first lingual saliva drain in a right lingual surface and a second lingual saliva drain in a left lingual surface, each comprising an elongate arcuate ridge configured to extend from proximate the incisor region to the posterior terminus surface.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the maxillary piece comprises a first cranial saliva drain and a second cranial saliva drain, each comprising an elongate trough configured to extend from proximate the incisor region to the posterior terminus surface thereof.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the maxillary piece comprises a front saliva flow channel configured to extend between left and right incisor regions.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the maxillary piece comprises an undulated sloping saliva drain channels on each of the lingual surfaces proximate the respective incisor region to the respective posterior terminus surface.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein undulations are angularly configured to direct saliva posteriorly to a soft palate.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the maxillary piece comprises a flow tube configured at the incisor region and having flow therethrough in an anterior to posterior direction and vice versa.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the flow tube houses a sensor in electrical communication with a microprocessor housed in the maxillary piece.
8. The device of claim 6 , wherein the flow tube houses a speech module configured to adjust a volume and amplitude of speech.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein each elongate arcuate ridge is sloped caudally away from the tooth covering.
10. A method for setting a protrusive flange and/or driver flange of an antero-vertical mandibular lingual repositioning device for a selected user, the method comprising:
determining baseline parameters for a selected user, the baseline parameters comprising age, baseline heart rate, respiratory rate, core body temperature, and minute ventilation while at rest;
determining an air pressure for an exercise location of the selected user;
selecting a target heart rate for a preselected physical activity;
calculating a total anterior and vertical mandibular lingual repositioning (TAVMLR) for a mandibular repositioning device of the selected user according to equation:
total anterior and vertical mandibular lingual repositioning (TAVMLR)=0.1839*(3.142*((8 *V a *L airway )/((target heart rate−baseline heart rate)/(the air pressure*100)) 1/4 ) 2 )
wherein V a is a velocity of air=1.81 and L airway is a length of an airway=10 cm; wherein the total anterior and vertical mandibular lingual repositioning (TAVMLR) value determines an amount of anterior repositioning and vertical repositioning to include in the mandibular repositioning device of the selected user for an at rest position of the mandible; and
wherein the mandibular repositioning device comprises:
a maxillary piece comprising a backmost teeth mold and a tooth covering having a driver flange protruding laterally outward on a right side proximate the backmost teeth mold and/or on a left side proximate the backmost teeth mold, each driver flange having an anterior side with a convex curvature;
a mandibular piece comprising a tooth covering having a protrusive flange configured to extend cranially therefrom and positioned to have a posterior side engaged with the anterior side of each driver flange, the posterior side of each protrusive flange has a concave-to-convex curvature a base of the protrusive flange toward a most cranial point of the protrusive flange and a convex portion of the concave-to convex curvature engages the convex curvature of the driver flange in a rest position;
wherein downward movement of the mandibular piece moves the convex portion of the posterior side of the protrusive flange along the convex curvature of the driver flange, thereby moving a user's mandible forward;
wherein the mandibular repositioning device increases a size of the user's smallest concentric airway cross-sectional area.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising inputting variables, calculating outputs, and displaying the variables and outputs according to:
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
TARGET
ACTUAL
BODY
RESTING
RESTING
RESTING
EXERCISE
RESTING
EXERCISE
WEIGHT
HEIGHT
SYSTOLIC
DIASTOLIC
CORE
HR
HR
HR
AGE
(lbs)
(in)
BP
BP
TEMP (° F.)
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
[INPUT]
TARGET
ACTUAL
PEAK
PRED.
DOUBLE
DEHYD/
EXERCISE
%
%
HR FOR
PREDICTED
PEAK
PRODUCT
HOUR
BODY
PEAK HR
PEAK HR
AGE
PEAK SBP
DBP
DP
BMI
(ml/Hr)
TEMP (° F.)
29
=D27/F29
=F27/F29
=(220-G27)
=3.2*J27
=1.2*K27
=G29*D27
=((H27)/
=(((D33-131)*
=1.27 +
((I27) 2 ))*703
22.917) + ((L29-
((D27-E27)*
L27)*22.917))
0.1)
ACTUAL
TARGET
ACTUAL
TARGET
ACTUAL
TARGET
TARGET
PRED
AF
AF
RADIUS
RADIUS
RESTING
RESTING
TAVMLR
SMCA
SMCA
RESIST
RESIST
(mm)
(mm)
MIN VENT
HR
31
=(−1.1643) +
=3.142*
=3.142*
=(D27-E27)/
=(F27-
=((8*1.81*
=((8*3.81*
=L31*0.5
=E27/5
(0.1830*
(I31 2 )
(J31 2 )
(3.2*300)
E27)/(1.2*
10)/
10)/(H31)) 1/4
E31)
100)
(G31)) 1/4
TARGET
ACTUAL
TARGET
ACT
TARGET AIR
ACTUAL AIR
RESTING
TARGET
ACTUAL
MIN
MIN
WORK
WORK OF
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
RR
RR
VENT
VENT
BREATH
BREAT
(atm)
(atm)
(atm)
33
=D27/5
=F27/5
=0.5*D33
=E33*0.5
=F33*J33*
=G33*K33*
=(D33-L31)/
=((E33-L33)/
=1 + (L31/80)
0.03
0.01
D33*L33
E33) + L33
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a selected output variable is set to a desired value and other output variables are recalculated based thereon.
13. The method of claim 12 , the selected output variable is a double product, which is set to a numerical value within a range of 14000 to 18000.
14. The method of claim 10 , further comprising measuring an actual exercise heart rate of the selected user at the preselected physical activity and an intensity.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the preselected physical activity and an intensity is a run on a treadmill at 4 miles per hour at a 5% incline.
16. The method of claim 10 , further comprising displaying the size in mm 2 of the smallest concentric airway cross-sectional area of the user according to a following portion of the total anterior and vertical mandibular lingual repositioning (TAVMLR) equation:
3.142*((8* V a *L airway )/((target heart rate−baseline heart rate)/(the air pressure*100)) 1/4 ) 2 .
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mandibular repositioning device has a plurality of removably, replaceable protrusive flanges and/or removably, replaceable drive flanges and the method comprises changing the protrusive flanges and/or driver flanges to provide an output identified by the calculated total anterior and vertical mandibular lingual repositioning (TAVMLR) value.