Polyamine additive
Polyamine additives are disclosed that are useful to provide early water resistant to drying anionically colloidally stabilized polymer dispersions in aqueous media. The polyamines are polymerization products from ethylenically unsaturated monomers with pendant tertiary amine groups with ethylenically unsaturated monomers with pendant poly(alkylene oxide) chains of 88 to 1200 g/mole molecular weight.
1. A water dilutable polyamine additive comprising the polymerization product of free radically polymerizable monomers into repeating units of a polyamine wherein:
a) from 30-90 wt. % of repeating units are from a free radically polymerizable tertiary amine monomer(s) comprising Formula A 1 or A 2
wherein R a is O or NR k , R b is a C 1 to C 6 alkylene, R e is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, R f is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, R g is H or methyl or ethyl and R h is H or methyl or ethyl, R k is H, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or a C 1 -C 4 acyl group, A′ is poly(oxy-C 2 H 4 and/or C 3 H 6 alkylene) homopolymer or copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 88-348 g/mole, m is 2 or 3, R i is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl group, benzyl group, and a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group if it is not linked directly to R j to form an alkylene group, R j is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, if it is not linked directly to R i , and optionally Ri and R j together are covalently bonded to each other to form a C 4 or C 5 alkylene group forming a 5 or 6 membered ring with the C atom to which they are attached, with
b) from 10-60 wt. % of repeating units are from a poly(alkylene oxide) monomer B of the formula
wherein R p is a poly(alkylene oxide) having a number average molecular weight from about 88 to about 1200, wherein said poly(alkylene oxide) has 2 or 3 or 4 carbons per alkylene group, R q is H or C 1 -C 8 alkylene group; and R r is H or methyl or ethyl;
c) from about 5 to about 60 wt. % of repeating units are from other free radically polymerizable monomers other than monomers A 1 , A 2 and B, and the polyamine additive has a number average molecular weight from 10,000 and 500,000 Daltons based on GPC molecular weight determinations using polystyrene standards.
2. The water dilutable polyamide additive of claim 1 , wherein the repeating units from the tertiary amine monomer selected from the group consisting of A 1 and A 2 are present in the polyamine from about 55 to 85 wt. %, the repeating units from polymerizable alkylene oxide monomer B is present from about 15 to 45 wt. %, and the repeating units from the other free radically polymerizable monomer(s) are present from 5 to 30 wt. % based on the total weight of the water dilutable polyamide additive.
3. The water dilutable polyamide additive of claim 1 , wherein the repeating units from the tertiary amine monomer comprising Formula A 1 or A 2 are present in the polyamine from about 60 to 80 wt. %, the repeating units from polymerizable alkylene oxide monomer B are present from 20 to 40 wt. %, and the repeating units from the other free radically polymerizable monomer(s) are present from 5 to 15 wt. % based on the total weight of the water dilutable polyamine additive.
4. The water dilutable polyamine additive of claim 1 , wherein the repeating units from the other free radically polymerizable monomer(s) are present at 5-10 wt. % based on the total weight of the water dilutable polyamine additive.
5. The water dilutable polyamine additive of claim 1 , wherein the repeating units from free radically polymerizable tertiary amine monomer are at least 80 wt. % repeating units derived from polymerizing formula A 1 based on the combined weight of repeating units derived from A 1 and A 2 .
6. The water dilutable polyamine additive of claim 1 , wherein at least 90 mole % of R e and R f are methyl or ethyl.
7. The water dilutable polyamine additive of claim 1 , wherein at least 80 mole % of the R a group are NR k .
8. The water dilutable polyamine additive of claim 1 , wherein at least 80 mole % of the R a groups are O.