Zeolites that include transition metals and methods for making such
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to zeolites and method for making such zeolites. According to embodiments disclosed herein, a zeolite may have a microporous framework including a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm and a plurality of mesopores having diameters of greater than 2 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm. The microporous framework may include an MFI framework type. The microporous framework may include silicon atoms, aluminum atoms, oxygen atoms, and transition metal atoms. The transition metal atoms may be dispersed throughout the entire microporous framework.
1. A zeolite comprising:
a microporous framework comprising a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm, wherein the microporous framework comprises an MFI framework type, and wherein the microporous framework comprises:
silicon atoms;
aluminum atoms;
oxygen atoms; and
transition metal atoms, wherein the transition metal atoms are dispersed throughout the entire microporous framework; and
a plurality of mesopores having diameters of greater than 2 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm; and
wherein the zeolite comprises a pore volume of greater than 0.50 cm 3 /g.
2. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal atoms are chosen from IUPAC Group 4-12 elements or lanthanides.
3. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal atoms are chosen from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, cobalt, nickel, rhenium, manganese, thallium, copper, zinc, gallium, indium, germanium, tin, or cerium.
4. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal is zirconium.
5. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the average pore size of the zeolite is greater than 1 nm.
6. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite comprises particles of from 25 nm to 900 nm in size.
7. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite comprises the transition metal atoms in an amount of from 0.01 wt. % to 20 wt. %.
8. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite comprises a surface area of greater than 350 m 2 /g.
9. The zeolite of claim 1 , where the zeolite comprises a pore volume of greater than 0.50 cm 3 /g and less than or equal to 1.5 cm 3 /g.
10. The zeolite of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite is a fibrous zeolite comprising reticulate fibers with interconnections and a dense inner core surrounded by less dense outer fibers.