Interferometry assembly having optical paths through different materials
There is described an interferometer for use in an optical locker. The interferometer comprises at least two transparent materials having different thermal path length sensitivities. The interferometer is configured such that an input beam is split by the interferometer into first and second intermediate beams, which recombine to form an output beam, the first and second intermediate beams travelling along respective first and second intermediate beam paths which do not overlap. At least one of the intermediate beam paths passes through at least two of the transparent materials. A length of each intermediate beam path which passes through each transparent material is selected such that an optical path difference between the first and second intermediate beam path is substantially independent of temperature.
1. An interferometry assembly, the interferometry assembly comprising:
an interferometer configured to receive an input beam,
the interferometer including a first part made of a first solid material and a second part made of a second solid material that is different than the first solid material,
the interferometer including a first beam splitter that splits the input beam into a first intermediate beam that has a first path through only the first solid material and a second intermediate beam that has a second path through only the first solid material and the second solid material,
wherein the first path and the second path begin at the first beam splitter,
wherein the first path, the second path, the first intermediate beam, and the second intermediate beam end at a second splitter, and
wherein the interferometer is configured to recombine, via the second splitter, the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam to produce an output beam.
2. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first path and the second path are of different lengths and create a phase difference between the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam when recombined.
3. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein a first thermal path length sensitivity property of the first solid material and a second thermal path length sensitivity property of the second solid material provide temperature independence for a phase difference between the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam.
4. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first solid material comprises a glass, and the second solid material comprises quartz.
5. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the first path does not overlap with the second path.
6. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein the interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
7. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein the interferometer is a Michelson interferometer.
8. The interferometry assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first beam splitter comprises an air gap.
9. A method, comprising:
receiving, by an interferometer, an input beam,
the interferometer including a first part made of a first solid material and a second part made of a second solid material that is different than the first solid material,
the interferometer including a first beam splitter that splits the input beam into a first intermediate beam that has a first path through only the first solid material and a second intermediate beam that has a second path through only the first solid material and the second solid material,
wherein the first path and the second path begin at the first beam splitter,
wherein the first path, the second path, the first intermediate beam, and the second intermediate beam end at a second splitter, and
wherein the interferometer is configured to recombine, via the second splitter, the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam to produce an output beam; and
producing, by the interferometer, the output beam.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
producing, by a detector assembly, an output signal that is dependent on an intensity of the output beam.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first path and the second path are of different lengths and create a phase difference between the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam when recombined.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein a first thermal path length sensitivity property of the first solid material and a second thermal path length sensitivity property of the second solid material provide temperature independence for a phase difference between the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first solid material comprises a glass, and the second solid material comprises quartz.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least a portion of the first path does not overlap with the second path.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the interferometer is a Michelson interferometer.
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first beam splitter comprises an air gap.
18. An interferometer configured to receive an input beam, the interferometer comprising:
a first part made of a first solid material and a second part made of a second solid material that is different than the first solid material; and
a first beam splitter that splits the input beam into a first intermediate beam that has a first path through only the first solid material and a second intermediate beam that has a second path through only the first solid material and the second solid material,
wherein the first path and the second path begin at the first beam splitter,
wherein the first path, the second path, the first intermediate beam, and the second intermediate beam end at a second beam splitter, and
wherein the interferometer is configured to recombine, via the second beam splitter, the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam to produce an output beam.
19. The interferometer of claim 18 , wherein a first thermal path length sensitivity property of the first solid material and a second thermal path length sensitivity property of the second solid material provide temperature independence for a phase difference between the first intermediate beam and the second intermediate beam.
20. The interferometer of claim 18 , wherein the first solid material comprises a glass, and the second solid material comprises quartz.