Fluidic channels and methods of altering the surface energy of components thereof
A surface-treated fluidic channel is provided comprising a dispensing device that comprises a microarray of microchannels. The fluidic channel is made from metal and comprises a surface and a hydrophobic coating layer comprising a self-assembled monolayer of an organophosphorus acid adhered to the surface. A mesh nebulizer comprising a reservoir and a dispensing device comprising a microarray of microchannels is also provided. A metal surface layer is applied to the interior and exterior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device, and a hydrophobic coating layer comprising an organo-silicon or a self-assembled monolayer of an organophosphorus acid is adhered to the metal surface layer, usually on the exterior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device. A hydrophilic polymeric coating layer may be chemically bonded to and propagated from terminal functional groups on the hydrophobic coating layer on the interior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device.
1. A mesh nebulizer comprising a reservoir and a dispensing device that comprises a microarray of microchannels, wherein the reservoir and dispensing device are configured to allow a fluid to flow from the reservoir through the dispensing device and exit the dispensing device as an aerosol, and wherein the reservoir and dispensing device comprise:
1) an interior surface;
2) an exterior surface that opposes the interior surface;
3) a metal surface layer applied to the interior and exterior surfaces and comprising one or more of silver, gold, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, tantalum, aluminum, copper, titanium, iron, chromium, alloys thereof, and oxides thereof; and
4) a hydrophobic coating layer comprising an organo-silicon or a self-assembled monolayer of an organophosphorus acid, adhered to the metal surface layer on the interior and/or exterior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device, wherein the hydrophobic coating layer is adhered to the metal surface layer either directly or indirectly through an intermediate organometallic coating.
2. The mesh nebulizer of claim 1 , wherein select areas of the hydrophobic coating layer are removed to expose the metal surface layer on the interior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device.
3. The mesh nebulizer of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic coating layer 4) is chemically bonded directly to the metal surface layer 3).
4. The mesh nebulizer of claim 1 , wherein the dispensing device comprises a mesh or perforated plate.
5. The mesh nebulizer of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic coating layer 4) comprises a self-assembled monolayer of organophosphorus acid that is adhered to the metal surface layer 3) indirectly through the intermediate organometallic coating.
6. The mesh nebulizer of claim 5 , wherein the intermediate organometallic coating comprises a polymeric metal oxide having unreacted alkoxide and/or hydroxyl groups.
7. The mesh nebulizer of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic coating layer has terminal functional groups that are capable of initiating polymer growth when exposed to a source of polymerizable monomer; and wherein the mesh nebulizer further comprises:
5) a polymeric coating layer chemically bonded to and propagated from the terminal functional groups on the hydrophobic coating layer on the interior surfaces of the reservoir and dispensing device.
8. The mesh nebulizer of claim 7 , wherein the polymeric coating layer 5) is prepared from a reaction mixture comprising one or more of [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, and salts thereof, via ATRP.