Systems and methods for adapting pulse width modulation with randomized zero-sequence
Methods and systems are provided for adapting pulse width modulation with randomized zero-sequence components for control of an electrified powertrain of a vehicle. In one example, a method may include determining a zero-sequence voltage of an electric machine of the vehicle based on a random distribution, and adjusting a voltage reference signal of the electric machine based on the determined zero-sequence voltage to decrease ambient acoustic noise in the vehicle. In this way, spectral energy dispersion of pulse width modulated control of the electric machine may be increased without affecting torque production of the electric machine.
1. A method for a vehicle, the method comprising:
adjusting a zero-sequence voltage of an electric machine of the vehicle based on a random distribution, the random distribution scaled based on a potential range of the zero-sequence voltage; and
adjusting a voltage reference signal of the electric machine based on the adjusted zero-sequence voltage to decrease ambient acoustic noise in the vehicle.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a switching frequency of a pulse-width modulated voltage of the electric machine based on a second random distribution.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the random distribution comprises a uniform random distribution.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting a random distribution based on one or more operating conditions of the vehicle, wherein the random distribution comprises the selected random distribution.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining target voltage commands for the electric machine according to a torque demand, and determining the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage commands for the electric machine.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising determining the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage commands for the electric machine relative to voltage limitations of an inverter for the electric machine.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein determining the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage commands for the electric machine relative to the voltage limitations of the inverter for the electric machine comprises determining a minimum zero-sequence voltage and a maximum zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage commands at a sampling instant relative to the voltage limitations of the inverter, wherein the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage extends from the minimum zero-sequence voltage to the maximum zero-sequence voltage.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein determining the zero-sequence voltage based on the random distribution scaled based on the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage comprises randomly selecting the zero-sequence voltage from the potential range of the zero-sequence voltage.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the zero-sequence voltage of the electric machine based on the random distribution for each sampling period of pulse width modulated control of the electric machine.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electric machine comprises a three-phase wye-connected electric machine of an electrified powertrain of the vehicle.
11. A method, comprising:
at a sampling instant of pulse width modulated control of an inverter for an electric machine of a vehicle, determining a target voltage command for the electric machine for a sampling period following the sampling instant;
randomly selecting a zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage command;
adjusting the target voltage command with the randomly-selected zero-sequence voltage;
updating the pulse width modulated control of the inverter for the electric machine according to the adjusted target voltage command; and
driving the inverter with the updated pulse width modulated control during the sampling period.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
measuring a torque output of the electric machine and a rotor speed of the electric machine at a sampling instant for the sampling period;
receiving a torque demand for the electric machine at a sampling instant for the sampling period; and
determining the target voltage command for the electric machine for the sampling period based on the measured torque output, the measured rotor speed, and the received torque demand.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising randomizing a switching frequency of the pulse width modulated control of the inverter.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein randomly selecting the zero-sequence voltage for the target voltage command comprises:
determining a potential range of zero-sequence voltages for the target voltage command; and
randomly selecting the zero-sequence voltage from the potential range of zero-sequence voltages for the target voltage command according to a random distribution.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the random distribution comprises one of a uniform random distribution or a Bernoulli distribution configured with probabilities corresponding to selected operating points of the electric machine.
16. A system for a vehicle, comprising:
a plurality of drive wheels;
an electric motor configured to deliver torque to the plurality of drive wheels;
a battery configured to provide power to the electric motor; and
a controller configured to:
randomly select a zero-sequence voltage for the electric motor; and
adjust a voltage reference signal for the electric machine based on the randomly-selected zero-sequence voltage to decrease ambient acoustic noise in the vehicle.
17. The system of claim 16 , further comprising an inverter configured to transfer the power from the battery to the electric motor responsive to pulse width modulated (PWM) signals, the controller further configured to:
update the PWM signals according to the adjusted voltage reference signal; and
drive the inverter with the updated PWM signals.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the controller further stores instructions that when executed cause the controller to randomly select switching frequencies for the PWM signals.
19. The system of claim 16 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
determine target voltage commands for the electric motor according to a torque demand;
determine a potential range of zero-sequence voltages for the target voltage commands for the electric motor; and
randomly select the zero-sequence voltage from the potential range of zero-sequence voltages.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the controller is further configured to:
randomly select the zero-sequence voltage from the potential range of zero-sequence voltages based on a random distribution, the random distribution comprising one of a uniform random distribution or a Bernoulli distribution configured with probabilities corresponding to operating points of the electric motor.