Electrophoretic display layer with thin film top electrode
A method for making electrophoretic displays layers including various thin films that are deposited directly onto a layer of microcapsules of electrophoretic media. In an embodiment, a thin film of a light-transmissive conductive material is deposited to create a clear front electrode for an electrophoretic display. In some embodiments, both a dielectric layer and a thin film of a light-transmissive conductive material will be deposited onto the microcapsules.
1. A method of making an electrophoretic display layer comprising:
providing a first substrate;
depositing a layer of capsules comprising electrophoretic media on the first substrate, thereby creating a contoured surface of the layer of capsules on the side of the layer of capsules opposite to the first substrate;
depositing a dielectric layer on the contoured surface of the layer of capsules comprising electrophoretic media; and
depositing a layer of light-transmissive conductive material over the dielectric layer previously deposited on the contoured surface of the layer of capsules.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein depositing a layer of light-transmissive conductive material takes place at a vacuum pressure of less than 133 Pascal (1 Torr).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein depositing is done with a chemical vapor deposition process.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein indium tin oxide or zinc oxide is deposited as the light-transmissive conductive layer.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric layer comprises Si 3 N 4 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , HFO 2 , ZrO 2 , or a polymer.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrophoretic media comprises at least one type of charged particle that moves within the capsule in response to an applied electric field.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the layer of capsules additionally comprises a polyurethane binder between at least some of the capsules within the layer of capsules.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first substrate is a release sheet.