Porphyrazines as efficient, catalytic and scalable method to produce chlorine dioxide
Methods, kits, cartridges, and compounds related to generating chlorine dioxide by exposing ClO 2 − to at least one of an iron porphyrin catalyst or an iron porphyrazine catalyst are described.
1. A cartridge comprising a housing and at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst in the housing, wherein the cartridge is adapted to allow reactants to contact the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst, and the cartridge further comprises at least one of the reactants or a source of ClO 2 − , and the reactants comprise ClO 2 − .
2. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the cartridge comprises the reactants.
3. The cartridge of claim 2 , wherein the ClO 2 − is in the form of chlorite salts.
4. The cartridge of claim 2 , wherein the ClO 2 − is mixed with a solid filler.
5. The cartridge of claim 2 , wherein the ClO 2 − is adsorbed on at least one substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina and organic polymers.
6. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the manganese porphyrin catalyst or the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
7. The cartridge of claim 1 comprising the source of ClO 2 − , wherein the at least one of the manganese porphyrin catalyst or the manganese porphyrazine catalyst and the source of ClO 2 − are separated by an interface.
8. The cartridge of claim 7 , wherein the interface is a solid material configured to allow mixing of the at least one of the manganes porphyrin catalyst or the manganese porphyrazine catalyst with the source of ClO 2 − upon mechanical disruption of the interface.
9. The cartridge of claim 8 , wherein the source of ClO 2 − is a chlorite salt.
10. The cartridge of claim 8 wherein the mechanical disruption includes breaking of the solid material.
11. The cartridge of claim 8 , wherein the mechanical disruption includes dissolution of the solid material.
12. The cartridge of claim 1 comprising the source of ClO 2 − , wherein the housing includes a first compartment and a second compartment, and the at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst is in the first compartment and the source is in the second compartment.
13. The cartridge of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the manganese porphyrin catalyst or the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
14. A kit for generating chlorine dioxide comprising a catalyst selected from at least one a manganese porphyrin catalyst, and a manganese porphyrazine catalyst, and instructions to combine the catalyst with ClO 2 − .
15. The kit of claim 14 , wherein the ClO 2 − is in the form of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of chlorite salts.
16. The kit of claim 14 , wherein the ClO 2 − in the form of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite, calcium chlorite and magnesium chlorite.
17. The kit of claim 14 , wherein the ClO 2 − is mixed with a solid filler.
18. The kit of claim 14 , wherein the ClO 2 − is adsorbed on at least one substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina and organic polymers.
19. The kit of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the manganese porphyrin catalyst and the manganese porphyrazine catalyst is adsorbed on a solid support.
20. The kit of claim 19 , wherein the solid support includes a substance selected from the group consisting of clay, silica, alumina, glass beads, functionalized polystyrene or organic polymers.