Shear wave methods, systems, and gyroscope
A rotation sensor, including: (i) a substrate having a top surface and an interior bottom surface; (ii) an electrode module positioned on the top surface of the substrate and including a first set of electrodes configured to generate a bulk acoustic wave directly into the substrate, wherein at least a portion of the bulk acoustic wave is transduced into a shear wave upon reflection on the interior bottom surface of the substrate without use of a reflector, and a second set of electrodes configured to detect the shear wave; and (iii) a controller in communication with the first set and second set of electrodes and configured to determine, based on the detected shear wave, an effect of Coriolis force on the sensor.
1. A rotation sensor, comprising:
a substrate having a top surface and an interior bottom surface;
an electrode module positioned on the top surface of the substrate and comprising:
a first set of electrodes configured to generate a bulk acoustic wave directly into the substrate, wherein at least a portion of the bulk acoustic wave is transduced into a shear wave upon reflection on the interior bottom surface of the substrate without use of a reflector;
a second set of electrodes configured to detect the shear wave; and
a controller in communication with the first set and second set of electrodes and configured to determine, based on the detected shear wave, an effect of Coriolis force on the sensor.
2. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ).
3. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first set of electrodes are interdigitated.
4. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second set of electrodes are interdigitated.
5. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first set of electrodes are centrally positioned on the substrate.
6. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein a quality factor of the rotation sensor is at least Q=30,000 at 2 GHz.
7. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein a quality factor of the rotation sensor is at least Q=55,000 at 2 GHz.
8. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode set and/or second electrode set comprises gold and/or titanium.
9. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the rotation sensor is configured such that a thickness resonance of the bulk acoustic wave is maintained by a stress-free surface at a bottom of the first set of electrodes, and the bulk acoustic wave is therefore trapped under the first set of electrodes.
10. The rotation sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second set of electrodes is perpendicular to the first set of electrodes.
11. A method for detecting rotation, comprising the steps of:
providing a rotation sensor comprising: (i) a substrate having a top surface and an interior bottom surface; and (ii) an electrode module positioned on the top surface of the substrate and comprising a first set of electrodes and a second set of electrodes;
generating, by the first set of electrodes, a bulk acoustic wave directly into the substrate, wherein at least a portion of the bulk acoustic wave is transduced into a shear wave upon reflection on the interior bottom surface of the substrate without use of a reflector;
detecting, by the second set of electrodes, the shear wave; and
determining, based on the detected shear wave, an effect of Coriolis force on the sensor.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the substrate is lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ).
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first set of electrodes are interdigitated.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second set of electrodes are interdigitated.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first set of electrodes are centrally positioned on the substrate.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein a quality factor of the rotation sensor is at least Q=30,000.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein a quality factor of the rotation sensor is at least Q=55,000.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first electrode set and/or second electrode set comprises gold and/or titanium.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the rotation sensor is configured such that a thickness resonance of the bulk acoustic wave is maintained by a stress-free surface at a bottom of the first set of electrodes, and the bulk acoustic wave is therefore trapped under the first set of electrodes.
20. The method of claim 10 , wherein the second set of electrodes is perpendicular to the first set of electrodes.