Folding fan catheter with electrodes
An apparatus includes a shaft and a folding fan catheter. The shaft is configured for insertion through a sheath into a cavity of an organ of a patient. The folding fan catheter is fixed to a distal end of the shaft and includes (a) a resilient foldable frame, which is fixed to the distal end of the shaft and is configured to be unfolded so as to assume a fan shape, (b) one or more flexible surfaces, coupled to the frame to form a fan-shaped surface when the frame is unfolded, and (c) a plurality of electrodes that are disposed over the one or more flexible surfaces and are configured to contact tissue.
1. An apparatus for performing a medical procedure, comprising:
a shaft configured for insertion through a sheath into a cavity of an organ of a patient; and
a folding fan catheter fixed to a distal end of the shaft, the folding fan catheter comprising:
a resilient foldable frame comprising a plurality of splines, the resilient foldable frame fixed to the distal end of the shaft and configured to be unfolded so as to assume a fan shape, each spline of the plurality of splines being generally flat and comprising a proximal planar portion, a distal planar portion, and a twisted portion disposed therebetween;
a puller wire attached to a distal end of at least one spline and configured to, when pulled in a proximal direction, cause the plurality of splines to bend at the twisted portion and to cause the resilient foldable frame to unfold to the fan shape;
one or more flexible surfaces, coupled to the resilient foldable frame to form a fan-shaped surface when the resilient foldable frame is unfolded; and
a plurality of electrodes disposed over the one or more flexible surfaces configured to contact tissue to perform the medical procedure.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the resilient foldable frame is made at least partially of a shape memory alloy having a self-configurable preformed shape comprising, when unconstrained, one of a folded fan shape and an unfolded fan shape.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the preformed shape of the resilient foldable frame comprises the unfolded fan shape, and wherein the resilient foldable frame is configured to be collapsed upon withdrawal back into the sheath.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of splines are strip-shaped, and configured to overlap into a stacked stair-like configuration when the resilient foldable frame is folded.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein each strip-shaped spline is configured to bend at the twisted portion and about a longitudinal axis of the spline when the resilient foldable frame unfolds, such that when the resilient foldable frame is unfolded, the strip-shaped splines lie in a plane of the fan-shaped surface.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more flexible surfaces comprise one or more flexible printed circuit boards (PCBs), and wherein the plurality of electrodes are formed in one or more electrically-conductive layers of the PCBs.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein, the twisted portion of each spline of the plurality of splines is configured to cause a bias force to help cause resilient foldable frame to unfold to the fan shape.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein, as the folding fan catheter unfolds to the unfolded fan shape, both the bias force generated at the twisted portion of each spline and the pulling of the puller wires in a proximal direction aid the catheter in unfolding to the unfolded fan shape.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each proximal planar portion of each spline of the plurality of splines defines a proximal planar surface, and wherein each distal planar portion of each spline of the plurality of splines defines a distal planar surface, the distal planar surface being oriented approximately 90 degrees with respect to the proximal planar surface of the proximal planar portion.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each twisted portion of each spline of the plurality of splines twists approximately 90 degrees as it extends from the proximal planar portion to the distal planar portion.