Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
Provided are compounds having a tetradentate structure of that are useful as emitters in OLED applications.
1. A compound having a tetradentate structure of
wherein,
M is Pt or Pd;
rings A, B, C, and D each independently represents a monocyclic or multicyclic fused ring system comprising one or more 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings;
R A , R B , R C , and R D each independently represents mono to a maximum possible allowed number of substitution, or no substitution;
each L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, BR, NR, PR, O, S, Se, C═O, S═O, SO 2 , CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and combinations thereof;
n is 0 and L 4 is not present;
each of R A , R B , R C , R D , R, R′, and R″ is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
any adjacent R A , R B , R C , R D , R, and R′ can be joined to form a ring;
each of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
each of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, O, and S;
at least two of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 are direct bonds;
at least one of L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is selected from the group consisting of BR, NR, PR, CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, and combinations thereof;
at least one R when R is present or the combination of R′ and R″ when R′ and R″ are present, comprises at least three 6-membered aromatic rings that are not fused next to each other; and
if one of the rings A, B, C, or D is imidazole and the respective X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , or X 4 of said imidazole is nitrogen, the other of rings A, B, C, or D to which said imidazole bonds via L 1 or L 3 is benzene.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each of R A , R B , R C , R D , R, R′, and R″ is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein M is Pt.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein at least one R when R is present or the combination of R′ and R″ when R′ and R″ are present, comprises a terphenyl group or a carbazole group.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is a direct bond, two of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are carbon, and the remaining two of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are nitrogen.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is a direct bond, two of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 are monoanionic carbon, one of the remaining X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 is a carbene carbon, and the other one of the remaining X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 is nitrogen.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each of L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, NR, O, CR′R″, SiR′R″, and combinations thereof.
8. The compound of claim 3 , wherein the compound has at least one Pt-carbene bond.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein one of the Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is O or S, and the corresponding A, B, C and D ring attached thereto is phenyl.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the rings of A, B, C, and D are each independently selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, imidazole derived carbene, and benzimidazole derived carbene.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein at least one of R is
when R is present, or
at least one of R′ and R″ are joined to form
when R′ and R″ are present;
wherein:
ring X is a 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring;
R X represent mono to a maximum possible allowed number of substitutions, or no substitution;
each R X , R E , and R F is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof; and
at least one of R E and R F is not hydrogen.
12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein at least one of R is selected from the group consisting of:
when R is present; or at least one of R′ and R″ are joined to form the structure selected from the group consisting of:
when R′ and R″ are present;
wherein each R 1 -R 8 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.
13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein when R is present, at least one R is selected from the group consisting of Rx, wherein x is an integer from 1 to 9000, wherein the structures of Rx are as defined below:
Rx
Structure of R
R S1 , R S2 , R S3
x
when x is 1 to 35, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i = x,
when x is 36 to 1260, Rx have the structure.
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 35(i − 1) + j + 35,
when x is 1261 to 2485, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R 52 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 35(i − 1) + j + 1260,
when x is 2486 to 2520, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 2485,
when x is 2521 to 3745, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 35(i − 1) + j + 2520,
when x is 3746 to 4970, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 35(i − 1) + j + 3745,
when x is 4971, Rx has the structure,
when x is 4972 to 5006, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 4971,
when x is 5007 to 5041, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 5006,
when x is 5042, Rx has the structure,
when x is 5043 to 5077, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 5077
when x is 5078 to 5112, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 5078,
when x is 5113 to 6337, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 35(i − 1) + j + 5112,
when x is 6338, Rx has the structure,
when x is 6339 to 6373, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 6373,
when x is 6374, Rx has the structure,
when x is 6375 to 6409, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 6374,
when x is 6410 to 6444, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 6409,
when x is 6445 to 6479, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 6479,
when x is 6480 to 7704, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from to 35, and
x = 30(i − 1) + j + 6479,
when x is 7705 to 8929, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = 30(i − 1) + j + 7704,
when x is 8930, Rx has the structure,
when x is 8931 to 8965, Rx the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 8930,
when x is 8966 to 9000, Rx have the structure,
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
x = i + 8965, ;
or when R′ and R″ are present, at least one of R′ and R″ are joined to form a structure selected from the group consisting of R′y, wherein y is an integer from 1 to 2522 whose structures are defiled below:
R′y
Structure of R′
R S1 , R S2 , R S3
y
when y is 1, R′y has the structure
when y is 2 to 36, R′y have the structure
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
y = i + 1,
when y is 37 to 71, R′y have the structure
wherein R S1 = Bi, wherein i is an integer from 1 to 35, and
y = i + 36,
when y is 72, R ′ y has the structure
when y is 73 to 1297, R′y have the structure
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
y = 60(i − 1) + j + 72,
when y is 1298 to 2522, R′y have the structure
wherein R S1 = Bi, R S2 = Bj wherein i and j are independently an integer from 1 to 35, and
y = 60(i − 1) + j + 1297, ;
wherein B1 to B35 have the following structures:
14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein:
each R E and R F independently represents mono to a maximum possible allowed number of substitutions, or no substitution;
each R E and R F is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
adjacent R A , R B , R C , R D , R E , R F , R, and R′ can be joined to form a ring.
15. The compound of claim 13 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of Pt(L m )(N—Rx)(L n ), Pt(L m )(B—Rx)(L n ), Pt(L m )(C—R′y)(L n ), and Pt(L m )(Si—R′y)(L n );
wherein:
each L m and L n is a bidentate ligand and N—Rx, B—Rx, C—R′y, and Si—R′y are linkers;
m is an integer from 1 to 80, n is an integer from 1 to 80, x is an integer from 1 to 9000, and y is an integer from 1 to 2522;
L 1 to L 80 have the following structures:
16. An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound having a tetradentate structure of
wherein:
M is Pt or Pd;
rings A, B, C, and D each independently represent a monocyclic or multicyclic fused ring system comprising one or more 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings;
R A , R B , R C , and R D each independently represents mono to a maximum possible allowed number of substitution, or no substitution;
each L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, BR, NR, PR, O, S, Se, C═O, S═O, SO 2 , CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and combinations thereof;
n is 0 and L 4 is not present;
each of R A , R B , R C , R D , R, R′, and R″ is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
any adjacent R A , R B , R C , R D , R, and R′ can be joined to form a ring;
each of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
each of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, O, and S;
at least two of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 are direct bonds;
at least one of L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is selected from the group consisting of BR, NR, PR, CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, and combinations thereof;
at least one R when R is present or the combination of R′ and R″ when R′ and R″ are present, comprises at least three 6-membered aromatic rings that are not fused next to each other; and
if one of the rings A, B, C, or D is imidazole and the respective X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , or X 4 of said imidazole is nitrogen, the other of rings A, B, C, or D to which said imidazole bonds via L 1 or L 3 is benzene.
17. The OLED of claim 16 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene.
18. The OLED of claim 17 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of:
and combinations thereof.
19. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound having a tetradentate structure of
wherein,
M is Pt or Pd;
rings A, B, C, and D each independently represent a monocyclic or multicyclic fused ring system comprising one or more 5-membered or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings;
R A , R B , R C , and R D each independently represents mono to a maximum possible allowed number of substitution, or no substitution;
each L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, BR, NR, PR, O, S, Se, C═O, S═O, SO 2 , CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and combinations thereof;
n is 0 and L 4 is not present;
each of R A , R B , R C , R D , R, R′, and R″ is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof;
any adjacent R A , R B , R C , R D , R, and R′ can be joined to form a ring;
each of X 1 , X 2 , X 3 and X 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
each of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, O, and S;
at least two of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , and Q 4 are direct bonds;
at least one of L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is selected from the group consisting of BR, NR, PR, CR′R″, SiR′R″, GeR′R″, and combinations thereof;
at least one R when R is present or the combination of R′ and R″ when R′ and R″ are present, comprises at least three 6-membered aromatic rings that are not fused next to each other; and
if one of the rings A, B, C, or D is imidazole and the respective X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , or X 4 of said imidazole is nitrogen, the other of rings A, B, C, or D to which said imidazole bonds via L 1 or L3 is benzene.
20. A formulation comprising a compound according to claim 1 .