Glass-ceramic articles having specified elastic modulus and fracture toughness
A transparent article is described herein that includes: a glass-ceramic substrate comprising first and second primary surfaces opposing one another and a crystallinity of at least 40% by weight; and an optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface. The optical film structure comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers and a scratch-resistant layer. The article also exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80% and a maximum hardness of greater than 10 GPa, as measured by a Berkovich Hardness Test over an indentation depth range from about 100 nm to about 500 nm. The glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m. Further, the optical film structure exhibits a residual compressive stress of ≥700 MPa and an elastic modulus of ≥140 GPa.
1. An article, comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate comprising a first primary surface and a second primary surface, the first primary surface and the second primary surface opposing one another; and
an optical film structure defining an outer surface, the optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m,
wherein:
the article exhibits a maximum hardness of greater than 10 GPa, as measured by a Berkovich Hardness Test over an indentation depth range from about 100 nm to about 500 nm from the outer surface of the optical film structure,
the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%,
the article exhibits a transmitted color √(a *2 +b *2 ) with a D65 illuminant of less than 4 at incident angles from 0 degrees to 10 degrees.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises:
a crystallinity of at least 40% by weight,
a surface compressive stress of from 200 MPa to 400 MPa;
a depth of compression (DOC) of from about 0.08⋅t to about 0.25⋅t, where t is a thickness in mm of the glass-ceramic substrate; and,
a maximum central tension (CT) value from 80 MPa to 200 MPa; and,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a thickness of about 1.5 mm or less.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises a crystallinity of at least 75% by weight, a lithium disilicate phase, and a petalite phase, and
wherein the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%.
4. A display device comprising the article of claim 1 , wherein the article serves as a protective cover for the display device.
5. An article, comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate comprising a first primary surface and a second primary surface, the first primary surface and the second primary surface opposing one another; and
an optical film structure defining an outer surface, the optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m,
the optical film structure comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers;
the optical film structure comprises a scratch-resistant layer, and outer structure and an inner structure, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the outer and inner structures, and the scratch-resistant layer has a thickness from about 100 nm to about 10,000 nm.
6. The article of claim 5 , wherein each high RI layer and the scratch-resistant layer comprises a silicon nitride or a silicon oxynitride, and each low RI layer comprises a silicon-containing oxide.
7. The article of claim 5 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a refractive index of about 1.52 or greater, and further wherein the inner structure of the optical film structure is configured to substantially match an optical impedance between the glass-ceramic substrate and the scratch-resistant layer.
8. An article, comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate comprising a first primary surface and a second primary surface, the first primary surface and the second primary surface opposing one another; and
an optical film structure comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface of the optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m, and
further wherein the optical film structure exhibits a residual compressive stress of greater than or equal to 700 MPa and an elastic modulus of greater than or equal to 140 GPa.
9. The article of claim 8 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises a crystallinity of at least 75% by weight, a lithium disilicate phase, and a petalite phase, and
wherein the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%.
10. The article of claim 8 , wherein:
the article exhibits a maximum hardness of greater than 10 GPa, as measured by a Berkovich Hardness Test over an indentation depth range from about 100 nm to about 500 nm from the outer surface of the optical film structure,
the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%,
the article exhibits a transmitted color √(a *2 +b *2 ) with a D65 illuminant of less than 4 at incident angles from 0 degrees to 10 degrees.
11. The article of claim 8 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises:
a crystallinity of at least 40% by weight,
a surface compressive stress of from 200 MPa to 400 MPa;
a depth of compression (DOC) of from about 0.08⋅t to about 0.25⋅t, where t is a thickness in mm of the glass-ceramic substrate;
a maximum central tension (CT) value from 80 MPa to 200 MPa, and,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a thickness of about 1.5 mm or less.
12. A display device comprising the article of claim 11 , wherein the article serves as a protective cover for the display device.
13. The article of claim 8 , wherein:
the optical film structure comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers;
the optical film structure comprises a scratch-resistant layer, and outer structure and an inner structure, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the outer and inner structures, and the scratch-resistant layer has a thickness from about 100 nm to about 10,000 nm.
14. The article of claim 13 , wherein each high RI layer and the scratch-resistant layer comprises a silicon nitride or a silicon oxynitride, and each low RI layer comprises a silicon-containing oxide.
15. The article of claim 13 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a refractive index of about 1.52 or greater, and further wherein the inner structure of the optical film structure is configured to substantially match an optical impedance between the glass-ceramic substrate and the scratch-resistant layer.
16. An article, comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate comprising a first primary surface and a second primary surface, the first primary surface and the second primary surface opposing one another,
an optical film structure comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface of the optical film structure disposed on the first primary surface,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises an elastic modulus of greater than 85 GPa and a fracture toughness of greater than 0.8 MPa·√m,
wherein the optical film structure exhibits a residual compressive stress of from 700 MPa to 1100 MPa and an elastic modulus of from 140 GPa to 200 GPa, and,
further wherein the article exhibits an average failure stress of 700 MPa or greater in a ring-on-ring test with the outer surface of the optical film structure placed in tension.
17. The article of claim 16 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises:
a crystallinity of at least 40% by weight,
a surface compressive stress of from 200 MPa to 400 MPa;
a depth of compression (DOC) of from about 0.08⋅t to about 0.25⋅t, where t is a thickness in mm of the glass-ceramic substrate;
a maximum central tension (CT) value from 80 MPa to 200 MPa, and,
wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a thickness of about 1.5 mm or less.
18. The article of claim 16 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises a crystallinity of at least 75% by weight, a lithium disilicate phase and a petalite phase, wherein the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%.
19. The article of claim 16 , wherein the article exhibits an average failure stress of 800 MPa or greater in a ring-on-ring test with the outer surface of the optical film structure placed in tension, and further wherein the optical film structure exhibits an elastic modulus of from 140 GPa to 180 GPa.
20. The article of claim 16 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate is chemically strengthened and has a surface compressive stress of from about 200 MPa to about 400 MPa, wherein the glass-ceramic substrate further exhibits a maximum central tension (CT) value from about 80 MPa to about 200 MPa, and further wherein the substrate has a thickness of about 0.6 mm or less.
21. The article of claim 16 , wherein:
the article exhibits a maximum hardness of greater than 10 GPa, as measured by a Berkovich Hardness Test over an indentation depth range from about 100 nm to about 500 nm from the outer surface of the optical film structure,
the article exhibits an average photopic transmittance of greater than 80%,
the article exhibits a transmitted color √(a *2 +b *2 ) with a D65 illuminant of less than 4 at incident angles from 0 degrees to 10 degrees.
22. A display device comprising the article of claim 16 , wherein the article serves as a protective cover for the display device.
23. The article of claim 16 , wherein:
the optical film structure comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index (RI) and low RI layers;
the optical film structure comprises a scratch-resistant layer, and outer structure and an inner structure, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the outer and inner structures.
24. The article of claim 23 , wherein each high RI layer and the scratch-resistant layer comprises a silicon nitride or a silicon oxynitride, and each low RI layer comprises a silicon-containing oxide, and further wherein each high RI layer has a thickness from about 5 nm to about 300 nm, each low RI layer has a thickness from about 5 nm to about 300 nm, and the scratch-resistant layer has a thickness from about 100 nm to about 10,000 nm.
25. The article of claim 23 , wherein a first low RI layer is disposed in direct contact with the first primary surface of the glass-ceramic substrate, and further wherein the scratch-resistant layer has a thickness from about 1000 nm to about 3000 nm.
26. The article of claim 23 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate has a refractive index of about 1.52 or greater, and further wherein the inner structure of the optical film structure is configured to substantially match an optical impedance between the glass-ceramic substrate and the scratch-resistant layer.
27. The article of claim 23 , wherein the glass-ceramic substrate comprises a crystallinity of at least 75% by weight, a lithium disilicate phase, and an average crystallite size of less than 100 nm, wherein the optical film structure has a total physical thickness from about 200 nm to about 5000 nm, wherein the scratch resistant layer has a physical thickness from about 100 nm to about 4000 nm, wherein the optical film structure exhibits an elastic modulus from about 140 GPa to 180 GPa.
28. The article of claim 27 , wherein the scratch resistant layer has a thickness from 1500 nm to 2500 nm and the total amount of the plurality of alternating high RI layers and low RI layers and the scratch resistant layer ranges from six (6) layers to twenty-five (25) layers.