Holographic display apparatus
Provided is a holographic display apparatus including: a spatial light modulator that modulates a wavefront of a reference beam to form a hologram image; an optical element arranged to change a position of a viewing window of the hologram image off-axis by a first angle; and an image processor that generates hologram data according to the position of the viewing window of the hologram image and a hologram image to be reproduced, and provides the hologram data to the spatial light modulator. The hologram image formed by the spatial light modulator is viewable from a side of the spatial light modulator.
1. A holographic display apparatus comprising:
a spatial light modulator configured to modulate a wavefront of a reference beam to form a hologram image;
an optical element arranged to bend an incident beam onto at least one of a light incident surface and a light exit surface of the spatial light modulator to change a position of a viewing window of the hologram image off-axis by a first angle; and
an image processor configured to generate hologram data according to the position of the viewing window of the hologram image and a hologram image to be reproduced, and provide the hologram data to the spatial light modulator,
wherein the hologram image formed by the spatial light modulator is viewable from a side of the spatial light modulator.
2. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a condensing lens configured to focus the reference beam on to the spatial light modulator.
3. The holographic display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the optical element comprises a diffractive optical element.
4. The holographic display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the optical element is located in front of the condensing lens, between the condensing lens and the spatial light modulator, or behind the spatial light modulator.
5. The holographic display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the optical element is configured to selectively switch between positioning the viewing window of the hologram image in front of the spatial light modulator or moving the viewing window of the hologram image off-axis by the first angle.
6. The holographic display apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the optical element comprises one of a polarization grating or a meta-optical element, which are selectively switchable based on the polarization of the reference beam.
7. The holographic display apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the optical element is located in front of the condensing lens, between the condensing lens and the spatial light modulator, or behind the spatial light modulator.
8. The holographic display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the optical element is located in front of the condensing lens, between the condensing lens and the spatial light modulator, or behind the spatial light modulator.
9. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the optical element comprises an off-axis lens configured to focus and bend the reference beam.
10. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first angle is about 30 degrees or more.
11. The holographic display apparatus of claim 10 , further comprising a beam deflector configured to that fine-adjust the position of the viewing window of the hologram image in the range of a second angle smaller than the first angle.
12. The holographic display apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the second angle is about 10 degrees or less.
13. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a beam deflector configured to that fine-adjust the position of the viewing window of the hologram image in the range of a second angle smaller than the first angle.
14. The holographic display apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the first angle is about 30 degrees or more, and the second angle is about 10 degrees or less.
15. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the optical element is located on a light incident surface of the spatial light modulator, and
the image processor is further configured to provide hologram data to the spatial light modulator for a reference beam incident to the spatial light modulator at an angle.
16. The holographic display apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the first angle is about 30 degrees or more.
17. The holographic display apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising a beam deflector configured to that fine-adjust the position of the viewing window of the hologram image in the range of a second angle smaller than the first angle,
wherein the first angle is about 30 degrees or more, and the second angle is about 10 degrees or less.
18. The holographic display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image processor is further configured to generate the hologram data by: decomposing into a plurality of reproduction planes;
imaging of the plurality of reproduction planes with a virtual lens to calculate a position and inclined angle of the imaged planes; and
calculation of a computer-generated hologram (CGH) by propagating the imaged planes to the spatial light modulator.
19. The holographic display apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the image processor is further configured to calculate the position and the inclined angle of the imaged planes by:
rotation-transforming a wavefront of one image plane into a plane parallel to the spatial light modulator;
propagating the rotation-transformed plane to a center of a first next plane;
rotation-transforming the wavefront such that the propagated plane is parallel to the first next plane;
replacing the rotation-transformed plane with the first next plane;
rotation-transforming a wavefront of the first next plane in parallel with the spatial light modulator to propagate to a second next plane, and repeating the rotation-transforming and propagating until a last plane is reached, and
generating hologram data by calculating the CGH by back-propagating the last plane to the spatial light modulator when reaching the last plane.
20. A holographic display apparatus comprising:
a spatial light modulator configured to modulate a wavefront of a reference beam to form a hologram image;
an optical element arranged to change a position of a viewing window of the hologram image off-axis by a first angle; and
an image processor configured to generate hologram data according to the position of the viewing window of the hologram image and a hologram image to be reproduced, and provide the hologram data to the spatial light modulator,
wherein the hologram image formed by the spatial light modulator is viewable from a side of the spatial light modulator.