Charge amplification circuits and methods
A circuit includes an amplifier, a bias voltage node, and a first set of switches configured, based on a first reset signal having a first value, to couple first and second input nodes to the bias voltage node and to couple first and second output nodes of the amplifier. First and second feedback branches each include a respective RC network including a plurality of capacitances. The first and second feedback branches further include a second set of switches intermediate input nodes and the capacitances, and a third set of switches intermediate input nodes and the plurality of capacitances. These switches selectively couple the capacitances to the input nodes and output nodes, based on a second reset signal having a first value. The second reset signal keeps the first value for a determined time interval exceeding a time interval in which the first reset signal has the first value.
1. A circuit, comprising:
an amplifier having a first input node and a second input node configured to be coupled to opposite ends of at least one capacitance to detect a capacitive variation signal indicative of variations in a capacitance value of the at least one capacitance, the amplifier having a first output node and a second output node,
a bias voltage node configured to provide a bias voltage level,
a first set of switches configured, based on a first reset signal having a first value, to couple the first and second input nodes of the amplifier to the bias voltage node and to couple therebetween the first and second output nodes of the amplifier,
a first feedback branch coupled between the first output node and the first input node of the amplifier, the first feedback branch including a first RC network including a first and a second capacitance,
a second feedback branch coupled between the second output node and the second input node of the amplifier, the second feedback branch including a second RC network including a third and a fourth capacitance,
the first and second feedback branches further including:
a second set of switches intermediate to the first and second input nodes of the amplifier and the first, second, third and fourth capacitances, and
a third set of switches intermediate to the first and second output nodes of the amplifier and the first, second, third and fourth capacitances,
wherein
the switches in the second set of switches are configured to selectively couple one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second input nodes of the amplifier based on a second reset signal having a first value, and
the switches in the third set of switches are configured to selectively couple said one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and said one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second output nodes of the amplifier based on a second reset signal having a first value,
wherein the first reset signal is configured to have a first value for a first time interval and to switch from the first value to a second value after the first time interval, and wherein, in response to the first reset signal switching from the first value to the second value, the second reset signal maintains said first value for a further time interval exceeding the first time interval during which the first reset signal has the first value.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein:
the circuit includes a power supply of the amplifier, the power supply configured to be powered-down based on a power-down signal having a first value,
the first time interval during which the first reset signal is configured to have the first value includes a first sub-interval and a second sub-interval, and
the power-down signal has the first value during the first sub-interval and the second value during the second sub-interval, the power supply of the amplifier being powered-down during the first sub-interval as a result.
3. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein:
the amplifier has a signal amplification bandwidth, and
the further time interval exceeding the time interval during which the first reset signal has the first value has a time duration that is a function of the signal amplification bandwidth of the amplifier.
4. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier is a fully differential operational trans-conductance amplifier (OTA).
5. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the second feedback branch is a replica of the first feedback branch.
6. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein:
the first feedback branch includes a parallel connection of the first capacitance and the second capacitance, said parallel connection arranged in parallel to a resistance,
the second set of switches includes:
a first switch interposed between the first input node of the amplifier and the first capacitance,
a second switch interposed between the first input node of the amplifier and the second capacitance, and
the third set of switches includes:
a respective first switch interposed between the first output node of the amplifier and the first capacitance, and
a respective second switch interposed between the first output node of the amplifier and the second capacitance.
7. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein:
the second feedback branch includes a parallel connection of the third capacitance and the fourth capacitance, said parallel connection arranged in parallel to a resistance,
the second set of switches includes:
a third switch interposed between the second input node of the amplifier and the third capacitance,
a fourth switch interposed between the second input node of the amplifier and the fourth capacitance, and
the third set of switches includes:
a respective third switch interposed the second output node of the output nodes of the amplifier and the first capacitance in the second feedback branch, and
a respective fourth switch interposed between the second output node of the amplifier and the second capacitance.
8. A sensor device, comprising:
at least one capacitance configured to transduce a variation of a physical quantity into a capacitive variation signal,
a reference capacitor coupled to the at least one capacitance, the reference capacitor having a value of capacitance substantially equal to a value of capacitance at rest of the at least one capacitance,
a circuit having input nodes coupled at ends of the at least one capacitance and at ends of the reference capacitor, the circuit including:
an amplifier having a first input node and a second input node coupled to the ends of the at least one capacitance to detect a capacitive variation signal indicative of variations in a capacitance value of the at least one capacitance, the amplifier having a first output node and a second output node,
a bias voltage node configured to provide a bias voltage level,
a first set of switches configured, based on a first reset signal having a first value, to couple the first and second input nodes of the amplifier to the bias voltage node and to couple therebetween the first and second output nodes of the amplifier,
a first feedback branch coupled between the first output node and the first input node of the amplifier, the first feedback branch including a first RC network including a first and a second capacitance,
a second feedback branch coupled between the second output node and the second input node of the amplifier, the second feedback branch including a second RC network including a third and a fourth capacitance,
the first and second feedback branches further including:
a second set of switches intermediate to the first and second input nodes of the amplifier and the first, second, third and fourth capacitances, and
a third set of switches intermediate to the first and second output nodes of the amplifier and the first, second, third and fourth capacitances,
wherein
the switches in the second set of switches are configured to selectively couple one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second input nodes of the amplifier based on a second reset signal having a first value, and
the switches in the third set of switches are configured to selectively couple said one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and said one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second output nodes of the amplifier based on a second reset signal having a first value; and
control circuitry coupled to the circuit and configured to provide a first reset signal and a second reset signal thereto,
wherein the first reset signal is configured to have a first value for a first time interval and to switch from the first value to a second value after the first time interval, and
wherein, in response to the first reset signal switching from the first value to the second value, the second reset signal maintains said first value for a further time interval exceeding the first time interval during which the first reset signal has the first value.
9. The sensor of claim 8 , comprising a further set of switches configured to couple an input node of the at least one capacitance and an input node of the reference capacitor to the bias voltage node based on the second reset signal having a first value.
10. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein:
the circuit includes a power supply of the amplifier, the power supply configured to be powered-down based on a power-down signal having a first value,
the first time interval during which the first reset signal is configured to have the first value comprises a first sub-interval and a second sub-interval, and
the power-down signal has a first value during the first sub-interval and a second value during the second sub-interval, the power supply of the amplifier being powered-down during the first sub-interval as a result.
11. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein:
the amplifier has a signal amplification bandwidth, and
the further time interval exceeding the time interval during which the first reset signal has the first value has a time duration that is a function of the signal amplification bandwidth of the amplifier.
12. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein the amplifier is a fully differential operational trans-conductance amplifier (OTA).
13. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein the second feedback branch is a replica of the first feedback branch.
14. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein:
the first feedback branch includes a parallel connection of the first capacitance and the second capacitance, said parallel connection arranged in parallel to a resistance,
the second set of switches includes:
a first switch interposed between the first input node of the amplifier and the first capacitance,
a second switch interposed between the first input node of the amplifier and the second capacitance, and
the third set of switches includes:
a respective first switch interposed between the first output node of the amplifier and the first capacitance, and
a respective second switch interposed between the first output node of the amplifier and the second capacitance.
15. The sensor of claim 8 , wherein:
the second feedback branch includes a parallel connection of the third capacitance and the fourth capacitance, said parallel connection arranged in parallel to a resistance,
the second set of switches includes:
a third switch interposed between the second input node of the amplifier and the third capacitance,
a fourth switch interposed between the second input node of the amplifier and the fourth capacitance, and
the third set of switches includes:
a respective third switch interposed the second output node of the output nodes of the amplifier and the first capacitance in the second feedback branch, and
a respective fourth switch interposed between the second output node of the amplifier and the second capacitance.
16. A method of operating a circuit according to claim 1 , the method comprising:
providing a bias voltage node configured to provide a bias voltage level;
driving the first set of switches, based on a first reset signal, to couple the input nodes of an amplifier circuit to the bias voltage node and to couple the first and second output nodes of the amplifier circuit therebetween;
driving switches in the second set of switches to selectively couple one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second input nodes of the amplifier circuit based on a second reset signal having a first value;
driving the switches in the third set of switches to selectively couple said one of the first and second capacitances in the first feedback branch and said one of the third and fourth capacitances in the second feedback branch to the first and second output nodes of the amplifier circuit based on a second reset signal having a first value;
switching the first reset signal from the first value to a second value after elapse of a first time interval; and
in response to the first reset signal switching from the first value to the second value, maintaining the second reset signal at said first value for a further time interval exceeding the first time interval during which the first reset signal has the first value.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
providing a power-down signal having the first value during a first sub-interval of the first time interval;
providing the power-down signal having the second value during a second sub-interval of the first time interval; and
powering down a power supply of the amplifier circuit during the first sub-interval based on the power-down signal.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the further time interval has a duration that is a function of a signal amplification bandwidth of the amplifier circuit.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the amplifier circuit is a fully differential operational trans-conductance amplifier (OTA).
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the second feedback branch is a replica of the first feedback branch.