Electric drive axle with a gearbox and gearbox operating method
Methods and systems for an electric drive axle are provided. An electric drive axle, in one example, includes an electric machine rotationally coupled to a gearbox which includes a higher range planetary gear set coupled to a lower range planetary gear set via a clutch. The clutch is configured to selectively rotationally couple an input gear to a sun gear in each of the higher range planetary gear set and the lower range planetary gear set in different positions or selectively rotationally couple a carrier in the higher range planetary gear set to a carrier and a sun gear in the lower range planetary gear set in different positions.
1. An electric drive axle, comprising:
an electric machine rotationally coupled to a gearbox, the gearbox comprising:
a clutch selectively coupled to a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set;
wherein the clutch is configured to:
in a first position corresponding to a lower gear ratio mode, rotationally couple a carrier in the first planetary gear set to a carrier in the second planetary gear set; and
in a second position corresponding to a higher gear ratio mode, rotationally couple the carrier in the first planetary gear set to a sun gear in the second planetary gear set; and
wherein the carrier of the second planetary gear set is coupled to an output gear of the gearbox.
2. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the first and second planetary gear sets are coaxially arranged.
3. The electric drive axle of claim 2 , wherein the electric machine and the first and second planetary gear sets are coaxially arranged.
4. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the clutch is a multi-position dog clutch.
5. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second planetary gear sets is a simple planetary gear set.
6. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the output gear is directly coupled to a differential.
7. The electric drive axle of claim 6 , wherein a rotational axis of the differential is parallel to a rotational axis of the electric machine.
8. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , further comprising a controller including instructions stored in memory that when executed cause the controller to:
transition the gearbox between the higher gear ratio mode and the lower gear ratio mode.
9. The electric drive axle of claim 8 , wherein the gearbox is transitioned between the higher gear ratio mode and the lower gear ratio mode based on operator interaction with a range mode selector.
10. The electric drive axle of claim 8 , wherein the gearbox is transitioned between the higher gear ratio mode and the lower gear ratio mode based on vehicle speed and/or load.
11. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the electric machine is an electric motor-generator.
12. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the electric drive axle is a beam axle.
13. The electric drive axle of claim 1 , wherein the clutch is the only clutch in the gearbox.
14. A method for operation of an electric drive axle, comprising:
operating a clutch in a gearbox to transition the gearbox between a higher gear ratio mode and a lower gear ratio mode;
wherein the electric drive axle comprises:
an electric machine rotationally coupled to the gearbox, the gearbox comprising:
the clutch selectively coupled to a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set; and
wherein the clutch is configured to:
in a lower gear ratio position, rotationally couple a carrier in the first planetary gear set to a carrier in the second planetary gear set; and
in a higher gear ratio position, rotationally couple the carrier in the first planetary gear set to a sun gear in the second planetary gear set; and
wherein the clutch is the only clutch in the gearbox.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the clutch is a dog clutch.
16. An electric drive axle, comprising:
an electric motor rotationally coupled to a gearbox, the gearbox comprising:
a first planetary gear set arranged coaxial to a second planetary gear set; and
a clutch configured to:
in a first position corresponding to a higher gear ratio mode, rotationally couple an input gear to a sun gear in the first planetary gear set and rotationally decouple the input gear from a sun gear in the second planetary gear set; and
in second position corresponding to a lower gear ratio mode, rotationally couple the input gear to the sun gear in the second planetary gear set and rotationally decouple the sun gear in the first planetary gear set from the input gear.
17. The electric drive axle of claim 16 , further comprising a differential rotationally coupled to the first planetary gear set, wherein a rotational axis of the differential is parallel to a rotational axis of the electric motor.
18. The electric drive axle of claim 16 , wherein the clutch is a dog clutch.
19. The electric drive axle of claim 16 , wherein the gearbox includes an output gear coupled to a carrier of the first planetary gear set.