Series/series resonant topology for wireless power transfer
Aspects of an efficient compensation network for reducing reactive power in a wireless power transfer (WPT) system are disclosed. The compensation network comprises a series/series (S/S) constant current (CC) source, a reactive power compensation capacitor, and a constant current (CC)-to-constant voltage (CV) network. In an example, the S/S CC source comprises a first capacitor connected in series with a first inductor on a primary side of a transformer and a second inductor on a secondary side of the transformer. The S/S CC source converts an input voltage signal of the WPT system into a constant alternating current (AC) current signal. In an example, the CC-to-CV network comprises at least a third capacitor and a third inductor. The CC-to-CV network converts the constant AC current signal into a constant AC voltage signal.
1. A wireless power transfer (WPT) system comprising:
a compensation network for reducing reactive power in the WPT system, the compensation network comprising:
a series/series (S/S) constant current (CC) source comprising a transformer and a S/S compensation network for the transformer, the S/S compensation network consisting of a first compensation capacitor and a second compensation capacitor, the first compensation capacitor being connected in series with a first inductor on a primary side of the transformer and the second compensation capacitor being connected in series with a second inductor on a secondary side of the transformer, the first compensation capacitor, the first inductor and a mutual inductance of the transformer configured for resonant operation at a defined frequency, the S/S CC source converting an input voltage signal of the WPT system into a constant alternating current (AC) current signal at the defined frequency; and
a constant current (CC)-to-constant voltage (CV) network comprising at least a third capacitor and a third inductor, the CC-to-CV network configured for resonant operation at the defined frequency, the CC-to-CV network converting the constant AC current signal into a constant AC voltage signal at the defined frequency.
2. The WPT system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a full-bridge inverter, wherein the defined frequency is a switching frequency of the full-bridge inverter, and:
the second compensation capacitor is electrically coupled between the second inductor and the third inductor; and
a value of the second compensation capacitor is selected for resonance with a self-inductance of the transformer under the switching frequency of the full-bridge inverter to allow the S/S CC source to operate as a CC source.
3. The WPT system of claim 2 , further comprising:
a full-bridge inverter, wherein:
the second compensation capacitor is electrically coupled to the third capacitor; and
a value of the second compensation capacitor is selected to provide inductive current in the full-bridge inverter for zero voltage switching (ZVS) of switches in the full-bridge inverter.
4. The WPT system of claim 1 , wherein the WPT system is a direct current (DC)-to-DC converter comprising a full-bridge inverter that converts the input voltage signal into AC energy.
5. The WPT system of claim 4 , wherein the DC-to-DC converter further comprises a diode-bridge rectifier that converts the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.
6. The WPT system of claim 1 , wherein the WPT system is a direct current (DC)-to-AC converter comprising a full-bridge inverter that converts the input voltage signal into AC energy.
7. The WPT system of claim 1 , wherein the WPT system is an AC-to-direct current (DC) converter comprising a diode-bridge rectifier that converts the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.
8. The WPT system of claim 1 , wherein the WPT system is an AC-to-AC converter.
9. The WPT system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a reactive power compensation capacitor electrically coupled to the third inductor and to an output node of the compensation network.
10. The WPT system of claim 9 , wherein the WPT system is a direct current (DC)-to-DC converter comprising a full-bridge inverter that converts the input voltage signal into AC energy.
11. The WPT system of claim 10 , wherein:
the DC-to-DC converter further comprises a diode-bridge rectifier that converts the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal; and
the reactive power compensation capacitor is coupled between inputs of the diode-bridge rectifier.
12. The WPT system of claim 9 , wherein the WPT system is a direct current (DC)-to-AC converter comprising a full-bridge inverter that converts the input voltage signal into AC energy.
13. The WPT system of claim 9 , wherein the WPT system is an AC-to-direct current (DC) converter comprising a diode-bridge rectifier that converts the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.
14. The WPT system of claim 9 , wherein the WPT system is an AC-to-AC converter.
15. A method for reducing reactive power in a wireless power transfer (WPT) system, the method comprising:
providing a compensation network comprising:
a series/series (S/S) constant current (CC) source comprising a transformer and a S/S compensation network for the transformer, the S/S compensation network consisting of a first compensation capacitor and a second compensation capacitor, the first compensation capacitor being connected in series with a first inductor on a primary side of the transformer and the second compensation capacitor being connected in series with a second inductor on a secondary side of the transformer, the first compensation capacitor, the first inductor and a mutual inductance of the transformer configured for resonant operation at a defined frequency; and
a constant current (CC)-to-constant voltage (CV) network comprising at least a third capacitor and a third inductor, the CC-to-CV network configured for resonant operation at the defined frequency;
with the S/S CC source, converting an input voltage signal of the WPT system into a constant alternating current (AC) current signal at the defined frequency; and
with the CC-to-CV network, converting the constant AC current signal into a constant AC voltage signal at the defined frequency.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
prior to the S/S CC source converting the input voltage signal of the WPT system into the constant AC current signal, with a full-bridge inverter, converting the input voltage signal into AC energy, and wherein the S/S CC source converts the AC energy into the constant AC current signal.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
after the CC-to-CV network converts the constant AC current signal into the constant AC voltage signal, with a diode-bridge rectifier, converting the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
filtering the DC voltage signal and applying the filtered DC voltage signal to a load of the WPT system.
19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
after the CC-to-CV network converts the constant AC current signal into the constant AC voltage signal, applying the constant AC voltage signal to a load of the WPT system.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
after the CC-to-CV network converts the constant AC current signal into the constant AC voltage signal, with a diode-bridge rectifier, converting the constant AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.